EPD-IES-0033692:003

Straw Panel from EcoCocon

The EcoCocon® Straw Panel is a prefabricated, load-bearing exterior wall element consisting of a timber and plywood frame filled with compressed straw. The panels provide structural support and thermal insulation. The declared product represents an average EcoCocon Straw Panel, including the panel types Standard (P), Braced (B), Column (C), Lintel (L), Sill (S), Inclined (I) and Inclined-Braced (D) panel types, which are combined according to project-specific designs to complete wall systems. The individual panels cannot be installed individually, thus the environmental impact assessment includes an average EcoCocon Straw Panel. The reference service life is 60 years.

General information

EPD OwnerEcoCocon s.r.o.
Registration numberEPD-IES-0033692:003
EPD typeEPD of multiple products based on the average results of the product group
StatusValid
Version date2026-09-25
Validity date2031-09-25
Standards conformanceISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021
Geographical scopeEurope
An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD.

Programme information

ProgrammeInternational EPD System
AddressEPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden
Websitewww.environdec.com
E-mailsupport@environdec.com

Product category rules

CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR)
Product Category Rules (PCR)2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1
PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support.

Verification

Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via
Third-party verifierDavid Palm (Dalemarken AB)
Approved byThe International EPD® System
Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier
*EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com.

Ownership and limitation on use of EPD

Limitations

EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.

Ownership

The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.

Information about EPD Owner

EPD OwnerEcoCocon s.r.o.
Contact person nameBjørn Kierulf
Contact person e-mailbjorn@ecococon.eu
Organisation addressPriemyselný park 615 919 42 Voderady Slovakia
LCA PractitionerSabine Krauss, sabk@arteliagroup.dk

Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner

EcoCocon is a European manufacturer founded in 2008 and specializes in prefabricated bio-based building systems. The company produces prefabricated Straw Panel using an automated production process with robotics at its facility in Voderady, Slovakia. EcoCocon manufactures straw panels for residential and commercial building projects across Europe.

Organisation logo

Product information

Product nameAverage EcoCocon® Straw Panel. Panel types included: Standard (P), Braced (B), Column (C), Lintel (L), Sill (S), Inclined (I) and Inclined-Braced (D)
Product identificationEcoCocon® Straw Panel (certified under ETA-26/0071, issued by TZÚS Prague on 13/04/2026 and and CE marked)
Product descriptionThe EcoCocon® Straw Panel is a prefabricated, load-bearing exterior wall element consisting of a timber and plywood frame filled with compressed straw. The panels provide structural support and thermal insulation. The declared product represents an average EcoCocon Straw Panel, including the panel types Standard (P), Braced (B), Column (C), Lintel (L), Sill (S), Inclined (I) and Inclined-Braced (D) panel types, which are combined according to project-specific designs to complete wall systems. The individual panels cannot be installed individually, thus the environmental impact assessment includes an average EcoCocon Straw Panel. The reference service life is 60 years.
Product information from external sourceshttps://ecococon.eu/
Technical purpose of productEcoCocon® Straw Panels are intended for use as prefabricated load-bearing exterior wall elements in residential and non-residential buildings. The panels shall be installed as part of a complete wall system according to manufacturer instructions and protected against moisture and weather exposure during the service life.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionThe production of EcoCocon Straw Panel is mainly done by automated robotic machinery. Timber is cut and assembled with plywood elements and screws to frames, where straw is de-dusted, compressed into the frames and trimmed to achieve an even surface. The manufacturing process uses electricity from both on-site photovoltaic production and the Slovak electricity grid. EcoCocon sources 100% GO-certified wind electricity. No heating is required at the production facility.
Material propertiesArea density: 71 kg/m2 Thickness: 0.4 m
Area density:
71 kg/m2
Thickness:
0.4 m
Manufacturing siteEcoCocon s.r.o. Production site 91942 Voderady Slovakia
UN CPC code316. Builders' joinery and carpentry of wood (including cellular wood panels, assembled parquet panels, shingles and shakes)
Geographical scopeEurope
Geographical scope descriptionThe product is manufactured in Slovakia and intended for the European market. It is exported to several European countries, including Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands and Spain. Modules A1–A3 therefore reflect the geographical scope of Slovakia, while modules A4–D are modelled with a European geographical scope to represent the different countries where the product is installed, used, decommissioned and treated at EoL.
Actual or technical lifespan60 year(s)

Product images

Content declaration

Content declaration of multiple productsThe EPD covers multiple products where the average EcoCocon Straw Panel is based on a sales based average to include most representative projects to reflect an average EcoCocon Straw Panel. The variations of included products range compared to the sales based sales based average (Table below): Straw: −39.47% to +3.32% Timber: −13.33% to +73.95% Plywood: −15.01% to +559% Screws: −15.28% to +217.01%
Hazardous and toxic substancesThe product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight.
Product content
Content nameMass, kgPost-consumer recycled material, mass-% of productBiogenic material, mass-% of productBiogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
Straw48.706518
Timber17.790298
Plywood3.94061.5
Screws0.55000
Total70.98010027.5
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2
Packaging materials
Material nameMass, kgMass-% (versus the product)Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
PET straps0.050.10
Wood sticks0.290.40.132
Total0.340.50.132
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2

LCA information

EPD based on declared or functional unitDeclared unit
Declared unit and reference flow1 m2 of an average EcoCocon Straw Panel panel with 400 mm thickness, density of 178 kg/m3 and a service life expectancy of 60 years Area: 1 m2
Conversion factor to mass71
Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes?
Datasources used for this EPDecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.12 database
LCA SoftwareSimaPro 10.3
Additional information about the underlying LCA-based information

As the EPD includes mixed end-of-life scenarios, alternative 100% scenarios for 100% incineration, 100% landfilling and 100% recycling are included.

No allocation is performed in the foreground system. For straw inputs, the generic ecoinvent dataset used for the market of straw with geographic representation for Europe without Switzerland includes an allocation factor of 9.7%.

Infrastructure/capital goods were not included in the assessment.

Biogenic CO2 emissions of production waste are balanced in A3, where packaging (timber sticks) is balanced in A5 and biogenic EoL emissions of the Straw Panel are balanced in C3 and C4.

The cut-off criteria defined in EN 15804+A2 were applied. No relevant inputs or outputs exceeding 5% per module and 1 % per unit process were excluded. Excluded processes include incoming packaging of raw materials, supporting office energy consumption, and sanitary water use, which were assessed as negligible.

Version of the EN 15804 reference packageEF Reference Package 3.1
Characterisation methodsThe LCIA results are calculated using the Environmental Footprint EN15804 version of EF 3.1 and impact methodology for classification and characterization of input and output flows. Additionally, the results of a supplementary indicator for climate impact GWP GHG is declared according to PCR 2019:14. This indicator is identical to GWP total except that the characterisation factor for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. Additional energy indicators are calculated according to Option C. This is in accordance with EN15804+A2:2019. The following environmental impact categories are calculated: Environmental impact indicators, Method · Global warming potential total [GWPt], IPCC 2021 AR6 · Global warming fossil [GWPf], IPCC 2021 AR6 · Global warming biogenic [GWPb], IPCC 2021 AR6 · Global warming land use and land use change [GWPluluc], IPCC 2021 AR6 · Ozone depletion [ODP], WMO (2014) + integrations · Acidification for soil and water [AP], Seppälä et al. (2006); Posch et al. (2008) · Eutrophication fresh water [EP F], EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009b) as implemented in ReCiPe 2008 · Eutrophication marine [EP M], EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009b) as implemented in ReCiPe 2008 · Eutrophication terrestrial [EP T], Seppälä et al. (2006); Posch et al. (2008) · Photochemical ozone creation [POCP], LOTOS-EUROS model (Van Zelm et al, 2008) as implemented in ReCiPe 2008 · Depletion of abiotic resources-elements [ADPe], van Oers et al. (2002) (based on Guinée et al. 2002) · Depletion of abiotic resources-fossil fuels [ADPf], van Oers et al. (2002) (based on Guinée et al. 2002) · Water use [WDP], Available Water Remaining (AWARE) Boulay et al. (2016) Additional environmental impacts indicators, Method · Particulate matter [Disease incidences], Fantke et al. (2016) in UNEP (2016) · Ionising radiation, human health [kBq U235 eq.], Frischknecht et al. (2000) · Ecotoxicity, freshwater [CTUe], USEtox 1.00 (Rosenbaum et al. 2008) · Human toxicity, cancer [CTUh], USEtox 1.00 (Rosenbaum et al. 2008) · Human toxicity, non-cancer [CTUh], USEtox 1.00 (Rosenbaum et al. 2008) · Soil Quality [SQ] / Land Use [Pt], LANCA (as in Bos et al., 2016) Resource use indicators · Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) [MJ], Calculated based on heating value x amount · Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) [MJ], Calculated based on heating value x amount · Total use of renewable primary energy resources (PERT) [MJ], Calculated based on PERE and PERT · Use of non-renewable primary energy (PENRE) [MJ], Calculated based on heating value x amount · Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) [MJ], Calculated based on heating value x amount · Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources (PENRT) [MJ], Calculated based on PENRE and PENRT · Input of secondary material (SM) [kg], Calculated via dataset · Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) [MJ], Calculated via dataset · Use of non-renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) [MJ], Calculated via dataset · Use of net fresh water (FW) [m3], ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint Output flows and waste categories · Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) [kg], EDIP 2003, calculated · Non-hazardous waste disposed (NHWD) [kg], EDIP 2003, calculated · Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) [kg]. EDIP 2003 · Components for re-use (CRU) [kg], Calculated via dataset and calculations · Materials for Recycling (MFR) [kg], Calculated via dataset and calculations · Materials for Energy recovery (MER) [kg], Calculated via dataset and calculations · Exported electrical energy (EEE) [MJ], Calculated via dataset and calculations · Exported thermal energy (EET) [MJ], Calculated via dataset and calculations Additional indicator required by PCR 2019:14: · Global warming GHG (GWP GHG)
Technology description including background systemThe declared product represents an average EcoCocon Straw Panel, consisting of straw, timber, plywood and galvanized screws. The production process is fully electrified and mainly run by robotic machinery, where timber is cut in right dimensions and built into frames, together with plywood and connected by screws. The straw is de-dusted, pressed into the timber frames and small amounts of excess straw are cut off to create an even surface.
Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution levelLess than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs

Data quality assessment

Description of data quality assessment and reference yearsPrimary and secondary data was collected. Specific data was collected for material, packaging and waste amounts, energy consumption from the Slovakian manufacturing site and transportation from raw material manufacturers to EcoCocon. Generic data was sourced from ecoinvent v3.12 and used for the production of raw materials, energy, transportation, packaging and end-of-life processes. The datasets were assessed according to EN 15804+A2 Annex E, Table E1 and EN 15941, with overall good to very good representativeness, completeness and consistency. No datasets were scored as “poor”, “very poor” and the scoring “fair” was not used for any dataset contributing to >30% of any impact category. Variations of each panel type compared to the average EcoCocon panel are calculated as absolute value of difference divided by the average. This is applied for A1-A3 GWP-GHG results as well as A-C results for all impact categories. The largest difference in GWP-GHG for modules A1-A3 between the declared product and an individual product variant was Panel S (188%). As the DU unit is based on a weighted average, Panel S represented only 2,2% of the panels produced for the representative project during the assessed period. For A-C variations exceeding 10% in each impact category are shown in the table below. This is caused primarily by differences in material quantities between panel types. The DU represents a weighted average. Panels with the largest variation show a significantly higher raw material amount but account for a limited share of total production. Higher material consumption results in higher impacts across all environmental indicators. Maximum variation of environmental impact results: Climate change, total (kg CO₂ eq.): 79%; Climate change, fossil (kg CO₂ eq.): 79%; Climate change, biogenic (kg CO₂ eq.): 29%; Climate change, land use and land-use change (kg CO₂ eq.): 145%; Climate change, GHG (kg CO₂ eq.): 80%; Ozone depletion (kg CFC-11 eq.): 40%; Acidification (mol H⁺ eq.): 106%; Eutrophication, freshwater (kg P eq.): 107%; Eutrophication, marine (kg N eq.): 54%; Eutrophication, terrestrial (mol N eq.): 107%; Photochemical ozone formation (kg NMVOC eq.): 132%; Resource use, minerals and metals (kg Sb eq.): 148%; Resource use, fossils (MJ): 110%; Water use (m³ depriv.): 117%; Particulate matter (disease incidence): 105%; Ionising radiation (kBq U-235 eq.): 258%; Ecotoxicity, freshwater (CTUe): 79%; Human toxicity, cancer (CTUh): 411%; Human toxicity, non-cancer (CTUh): 45%; Land use (Pt): 121%.
Data quality assessment
Process nameSource typeSourceReference yearData categoryShare of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3
Straw productionDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Representative Secondary Data0%
Timber productionDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Representative Secondary Data0%
Plywood productionDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Representative Secondary Data0%
Screws productionDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Representative Secondary Data0%
TransportDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Primary6%
ManufacturingCollected dataEPD Owner2026Primary0.12%
Electricity in manufacturingCollected dataEPD Owner2026Primary2%
Packaging PET strapsDatabaseEcoinvent v3.122025Representative Secondary Data0%
Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A38.12%
The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories.
Electricity data
Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services)
Type of electricity mixSpecific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument
Energy sourcesHydro0%
Wind70.7%
Solar29.3%
Biomass0%
Geothermal0%
Waste0%
Nuclear0%
Natural gas0%
Coal0%
Oil0%
Peat0%
Other0%
GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh)0.02 kg CO2 eq./kWh

System boundary

Description of the system boundaryb) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules).
Excluded modulesNo, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules

Declared modules

Product stageConstruction process stageUse stageEnd of life stageBeyond product life cycle
Raw material supplyTransportManufacturingTransport to siteConstruction installationUseMaintenanceRepairReplacementRefurbishmentOperational energy useOperational water useDe-construction demolitionTransportWaste processingDisposalReuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential
ModuleA1A2A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Modules declaredXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
GeographyEuropeSlovakiaSlovakiaEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEurope
Share of specific data8%--------------
Variation - products188%--------------
Variation - sites0%--------------
DisclaimerThe share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only.

Process flow diagram(s) related images

Default scenario

Name of the default scenarioBase Scenario
Description of the default scenarioA1: Raw materials include the production of timber, plywood, straw and galvanized screws. Galvanizing process of screws is included in the assessment. Packaging for raw materials lie below the cut-off criteria of 1% and are therefore excluded. A2: Transport by truck (16-32 t, EURO 5) is included from the supplier’s location to the production site in Voderady, Slovakia. A3: The production of EcoCocon Straw Panel is mainly done by automated robotic machinery. Timber is cut and assembled with plywood elements and screws to frames, where straw is de-dusted, compressed into the frames and trimmed to achieve an even surface. The manufacturing process uses electricity from both on-site photovoltaic production and the Slovak electricity grid. EcoCocon sources 100% GO-certified wind electricity. No heating is required at the production facility. The table below shows the electricity mixes used in A3 with the corresponding EF. Production residues from timber are reused as transport packaging (further referred to as timber sticks). Straw residues are collected without charge by the farmer for field application and reaches its end-of-waste state at the gate of EcoCocon. Plywood waste is assumed to be incinerated (75%) and recycled (25%), using data on Slovakian wood waste treatment , where EoL transport is assumed with 50 km. The panels are secured with timber sticks (reused from A1 timber waste) and PET straps for transport.

Module A4: Transport to the building site

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4A4 Transport
Brief description of the default scenario in module A4Transport to the European construction site is assumed with 2.500 km
Description of the default scenario in module A4Transport to the European construction site is assumed with 2500 km as EcoCocon has various clients across Europe. The transport distances should be scaled to specific construction sites when using the results of this EPD.
Module A4 informationValueUnit
Distance
2500
km
Capacity utilization (including empty returns)
37.7
%
Bulk density of transported products
178
kg/m3
Volume capacity utilization factor
(factor: =1 or <1 or ≥1 for compressed or
nested packaged products)
-
N/A
Fuel type, truck type, EURO classDiesel, 16 - 32 t, EURO 5
N/A

Module A5: Installation in the building

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5A5 Installation
Brief description of the default scenario in module A5The panels are lifted with a diesel crane and are connected with screws
Description of the default scenario in module A5During installation, the panels are lifted with a diesel crane and connected with galvanized screws using an electric screwdriver, applying a European consumption mix (RER: market group for electricity, low voltage). No waste occurs during installation. PET straps are assumed to be treated, applying a European PET treatment mix dataset. It is assumed that 46% of timber sticks are recycled while 54% are incinerated, based on average European wood waste treatment2. No crediting in module D of PET straps and timber sticks due to negligible amounts.
Module A5 informationValueUnit
Net fresh water consumption during installation
-
Galvanized screws0.312
kg
Diesel consumption3.60
MJ, net calorific value
European electricity consumption mix0.00167
kWh
Waste materials0.34
kg

Module B1: Use

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B1B1 use
Brief description of the default scenario in module B1No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B1No activity

Module B2: Maintenance

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B2B2 maintenance
Brief description of the default scenario in module B2No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B2No activity

Module B3: Repair

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B3B3 repair
Brief description of the default scenario in module B3No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B3No activity

Module B4: Replacement

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B4B4 replacement
Brief description of the default scenario in module B4No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B4No activity

Module B5: Refurbishment

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B5B5 refurbishment
Brief description of the default scenario in module B5No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B5No activity

Module B6: Operational energy use

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B6B6 operational energy
Brief description of the default scenario in module B6No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B6No activity

Module B7: Operational water use

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B7B7 operational water
Brief description of the default scenario in module B7No activity
Description of the default scenario in module B7No activity

Module C: End-of-life

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module CC1-C4 EoL
Brief description of the default scenario in module CDeconstruction, EoL transport, Waste treatment and Disposal
Description of the default scenario in module CA conservative decommissioning scenario using an excavator was assumed, as manual disassembly cannot be reliably ensured across the relevant European markets. While some sites may manually dismantle the panels using electric screwdrivers, this practice was not assumed as representative of the market. 7.81E-02 kWh per DU of diesel are consumed (GLO: market for diesel, burned in building machine). The amounts of installed screws used in A5 are therefore going for waste treatment in C4. A transport distance of 130 km is assumed in C2 (truck, 16-32t, EURO 5). A European treatment mix with 46% of timber and plywood recycling is assumed. In C4, 54% of timber and plywood is incinerated with energy recovery as well as 100% of straw is going for incineration with energy recovery. Screws are following the end-of-life route as the materials they are attached to. Therefore, 46% of screws are conservatively assumed to be landfilled and 54% incinerated.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collected seperately71.0
kg
For recycling9.99
kg
For energy recovery60.5
kg
For final disposal0.864
kg

Reference service life

Description of the default scenario in reference service lifeThe RSL assumes normal use in an exterior wall construction, correct installation according to manufacturer's instructions, protection from prolonged moisture exposure, and maintenance of the surrounding building envelope to preserve the functionality of the wall system. EcoCocon specifies correct installation and conditions with keeping EcoCocon straw panel encapsulated and protected against moisture and UV.
Reference service life informationValueUnit
Reference service life
60
year(s)

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module DD Benefits
Brief description of the default scenario in module DMaterial substitution through recycling and energy recovery
Description of the default scenario in module DTimber and plywood recycling substitutes wood chips production. Timber, plywood and straw incineration with energy recovery substitutes electricity (Europe without Switzerland: market group for electricity, medium voltage) and heat production (Europe without Switzerland: market for heat, district or industrial, other than natural gas).
Module D informationValueUnit
Incinerated material61.00
kg
Recovered electricity105.00
MJ
Recovered heat212.00
MJ
Avoided wood chip production9.13
kg

Additional scenario 1

Name of the additional scenario100% Incineration
Description of the additional scenarioThe Straw Panel is sent for 100% incineration

Module A4: Transport to the building site

Description of the additional scenario in module A4Same as base scenario

Module A5: Installation in the building

Description of the additional scenario in module A5Same as base scenario

Module B1: Use

Description of the additional scenario in module B1Same as base scenario

Module B2: Maintenance

Description of the additional scenario in module B2Same as base scenario

Module B3: Repair

Description of the additional scenario in module B3Same as base scenario

Module B4: Replacement

Description of the additional scenario in module B4Same as base scenario

Module B5: Refurbishment

Description of the additional scenario in module B5Same as base scenario

Module B6: Operational energy use

Description of the additional scenario in module B6Same as base scenario

Module B7: Operational water use

Description of the additional scenario in module B7Same as base scenario

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CModules C1-C4: Transport to incineration facility is assumed with 130 km according to default values from PCR 2019:14. Straw, timber, and plywood are incinerated in C3. As screws do not have a LHV, incineration of screws is included in C4.
Module C informationValueUnit
For energy recovery71.00
kg

Reference service life

Description of the additional scenario in reference service lifeSame as base scenario
Reference service life informationValueUnit
Reference service life
60
year(s)

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DModule D includes credits for the energy recovery.
Module D informationValueUnit
Material for final disposal 71.00
kg
Recovered electricity123.00
MJ
Recovered heat247.00
MJ

Additional scenario 2

Name of the additional scenario100% landfilling
Description of the additional scenarioThe Straw Panel is sent for 100% landfilling

Module A4: Transport to the building site

Description of the additional scenario in module A4Same as base scenario

Module A5: Installation in the building

Description of the additional scenario in module A5Same as base scenario

Module B1: Use

Description of the additional scenario in module B1Same as base scenario

Module B2: Maintenance

Description of the additional scenario in module B2Same as base scenario

Module B3: Repair

Description of the additional scenario in module B3Same as base scenario

Module B4: Replacement

Description of the additional scenario in module B4Same as base scenario

Module B5: Refurbishment

Description of the additional scenario in module B5Same as base scenario

Module B6: Operational energy use

Description of the additional scenario in module B6Same as base scenario

Module B7: Operational water use

Description of the additional scenario in module B7Same as base scenario

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CTransport to landfilling facility is assumed with 80 km according to default values from PCR 2019:14. Straw, timber, plywood and screws are landfilled in C4.
Module C informationValueUnit
For final disposal71.00
kg

Reference service life

Description of the additional scenario in reference service lifeSame as base scenario
Reference service life informationValueUnit
Reference service life
60
year(s)

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DC4. Module D does not include any credits.

Additional scenario 3

Name of the additional scenario100% Recycling
Description of the additional scenarioThe Straw Panel is sent 100% to recycling

Module A4: Transport to the building site

Description of the additional scenario in module A4Same as base scenario

Module A5: Installation in the building

Description of the additional scenario in module A5Same as base scenario

Module B1: Use

Description of the additional scenario in module B1Same as base scenario

Module B2: Maintenance

Description of the additional scenario in module B2Same as base scenario

Module B3: Repair

Description of the additional scenario in module B3Same as base scenario

Module B4: Replacement

Description of the additional scenario in module B4Same as base scenario

Module B5: Refurbishment

Description of the additional scenario in module B5Same as base scenario

Module B6: Operational energy use

Description of the additional scenario in module B6Same as base scenario

Module B7: Operational water use

Description of the additional scenario in module B7Same as base scenario

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CModules C1-C4: Transport to recycling facility is assumed with 80 km according to default values from PCR 2019:14. Timber, plywood and screws are recycled in C3. As there are no established recycling routes for straw, incineration with energy recovery is modelled
Module C informationValueUnit
For recycling22.60
kg
For energy recovery48.70
kg

Reference service life

Description of the additional scenario in reference service lifeSame as base scenario
Reference service life informationValueUnit
Reference service life
60
year(s)

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DModule D includes credits for energy recovery, avoided production of wood chips and pig iron.
Module D informationValueUnit
Incinerated material48.70
kg
Recovered electricity84.80
MJ
Recovered heat171.00
MJ
Avoided wood chip production21.7
kg
Avoided pig iron production0.864
kg

Environmental performance

The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.

Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.-9.40E+12.74E+11.44E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+01.02E+25.05E-3-2.68E+1
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.42E+02.74E+19.62E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+07.74E-15.04E-3-2.65E+1
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-1.01E+25.83E-34.82E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.56E-63.04E-41.01E+29.67E-6-3.40E-1
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.4.94E-24.24E-42.41E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.25E-72.21E-52.53E-41.56E-7-3.35E-2
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.9.31E-76.25E-79.17E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.84E-103.26E-81.07E-81.06E-10-2.52E-7
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.7.66E-26.89E-25.01E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.08E-43.59E-39.27E-33.63E-5-1.66E-1
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.5.87E-41.78E-52.71E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.88E-89.30E-71.14E-51.73E-8-1.81E-3
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.5.56E-22.72E-21.95E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.80E-51.42E-34.58E-31.69E-5-2.14E-2
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.22E-12.98E-12.16E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-31.55E-24.86E-21.85E-4-2.46E-1
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.6.82E-21.20E-16.66E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.05E-46.26E-31.20E-25.68E-5-7.76E-2
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metals1kg Sb eq.6.75E-57.36E-71.44E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.72E-103.84E-82.19E-71.72E-10-1.03E-6
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossil1MJ, net calorific value1.19E+23.62E+21.03E+10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+17.57E+06.67E-2-3.80E+2
Water useWDP1m3 world eq. deprived1.70E+12.52E-11.59E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.17E-41.31E-24.44E-11.29E-4-5.98E+0
AcronymsGWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator

Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHG1kg CO2 eq.7.48E+02.74E+19.70E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+07.75E-15.04E-3-2.65E+1
AcronymsGWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero.

Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence2.08E-61.82E-61.31E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.08E-109.49E-89.07E-81.39E-9-1.55E-6
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRP1kBq U235 eq.4.17E-13.60E-27.77E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.68E-51.88E-31.34E-27.45E-6-1.97E+0
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fw2CTUe5.90E+11.66E+15.77E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.76E-28.66E-15.94E+01.08E-1-4.53E+1
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-c2CTUh2.90E-81.93E-98.61E-100.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.41E-121.01E-101.59E-97.57E-12-7.05E-9
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-nc2CTUh2.23E-71.71E-75.41E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.68E-108.91E-91.16E-72.91E-11-1.56E-7
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQP2Dimensionless4.35E+34.74E-17.69E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.24E-42.48E-25.86E-16.39E-2-4.11E+2
AcronymsPM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator.

Resource use indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
PEREMJ, net calorific value1.00E+38.89E-13.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-44.64E-22.08E+22.23E-4-1.27E+2
PERMMJ, net calorific value9.93E+20.00E+0-3.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-3.43E+20.00E+00.00E+0
PERTMJ, net calorific value2.00E+38.89E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-44.64E-2-1.35E+22.23E-4-1.27E+2
PENREMJ, net calorific value1.15E+23.62E+21.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+1-1.86E+16.67E-2-3.80E+2
PENRMMJ, net calorific value3.56E+10.00E+0-1.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-3.45E+10.00E+00.00E+0
PENRTMJ, net calorific value1.51E+23.62E+20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+17.73E+06.67E-2-3.80E+2
SMkg1.30E-11.85E-46.65E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.89E-79.66E-62.26E-42.55E-7-1.54E-1
RSFMJ, net calorific value2.77E-41.61E-51.33E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.06E-88.43E-73.12E-51.31E-8-1.65E-1
NRSFMJ, net calorific value0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
FWm34.01E-16.15E-36.00E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+07.63E-63.21E-41.05E-23.07E-6-1.57E-1
AcronymsPERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Waste indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
HWDkg1.58E+04.52E-22.47E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.51E-52.36E-33.50E-13.07E-5-2.00E+0
NHWDkg1.56E+11.21E+02.09E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.69E-46.33E-26.05E+11.48E+0-8.01E+1
RWDkg3.15E-42.02E-51.37E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.19E-81.05E-61.04E-54.13E-9-1.52E-3
AcronymsHWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Output flow indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
CRUkg0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
MFRkg3.42E-39.20E-62.62E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.06E-94.80E-79.99E+02.21E-1-6.98E-5
MERkg2.95E-69.01E-82.64E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-104.70E-95.45E-76.71E-11-1.32E-6
EEEMJ, net calorific value2.37E-11.40E-23.36E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.44E-67.33E-41.05E+21.77E-1-1.15E+0
EETMJ, net calorific value1.31E-13.44E-21.18E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.64E-71.80E-32.12E+23.43E-2-2.51E+1
AcronymsCRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Results of an alternative modelling approach

Description of the scenario/method100% incineration scenario
Results of an alternative modelling approach
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
GWP-totalkg CO2 eq.-9.40E+12.74E+11.44E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+01.02E+27.33E-3-2.95E+1
GWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.42E+02.74E+19.62E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+07.55E-17.31E-3-2.91E+1
GWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-1.01E+25.83E-34.82E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.56E-63.04E-41.01E+21.72E-5-3.70E-1
GWP-luluckg CO2 eq.4.94E-24.24E-42.41E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.25E-72.21E-59.02E-51.77E-7-3.51E-2
GWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.7.48E+02.74E+19.70E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-21.43E+07.57E-17.32E-3-2.91E+1
ODPkg CFC 11 eq.9.31E-76.25E-79.17E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.84E-103.26E-89.73E-91.66E-10-2.75E-7
APmol H+ eq.7.66E-26.89E-25.01E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.08E-43.59E-31.02E-24.92E-5-1.86E-1
EP-freshwaterkg P eq.5.87E-41.78E-52.71E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.88E-89.30E-75.87E-62.54E-8-2.04E-3
EP-marinekg N eq.5.56E-22.72E-21.95E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.80E-51.42E-35.16E-32.30E-5-2.27E-2
EP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.22E-12.98E-12.16E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-31.55E-25.47E-22.52E-4-2.61E-1
POCPkg NMVOC eq.6.82E-21.20E-16.66E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.05E-46.26E-31.33E-27.75E-5-8.15E-2
ADP-minerals&metals*kg Sb eq.6.75E-57.36E-71.44E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.72E-103.84E-82.48E-72.49E-10-9.12E-7
ADP-fossil*MJ1.19E+23.62E+21.03E+10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+16.25E+09.78E-2-4.22E+2
WDP*m31.70E+12.52E-11.59E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.17E-41.31E-24.81E-12.06E-4-6.24E+0
PM[Disease incidence]2.08E-61.82E-61.31E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.08E-109.49E-89.99E-82.06E-9-1.55E-6
IRP2[kBq U235 eq.]4.17E-13.60E-27.77E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.68E-51.88E-31.50E-31.10E-5-2.25E+0
ETP-fw1[CTUe]5.90E+11.66E+15.77E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.76E-28.66E-16.91E+01.98E-1-4.80E+1
HTP-c1[CTUh]2.90E-81.93E-98.61E-100.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.41E-121.01E-101.82E-91.39E-11-4.26E-9
HTP-nc1[CTUh]2.23E-71.71E-75.41E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.68E-108.91E-91.34E-75.09E-11-1.73E-7
SQP1-4.35E+34.74E-17.69E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.24E-42.48E-25.82E-18.80E-2-1.33E+2
PEREMJ1.00E+38.89E-13.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-44.64E-29.92E+22.95E-4-8.26E+1
PERMMJ9.93E+20.00E+0-3.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-9.92E+20.00E+00.00E+0
PERTMJ2.00E+38.89E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-44.64E-20.00E+02.95E-4-8.26E+1
PENREMJ1.15E+23.62E+21.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+13.68E+19.78E-2-4.22E+2
PENRMMJ3.56E+10.00E+0-1.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-3.68E+10.00E+00.00E+0
PENRTMJ1.51E+23.62E+20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.89E+10.00E+09.78E-2-4.22E+2
SMkg1.30E-11.85E-46.65E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.89E-79.66E-62.38E-44.13E-7-1.11E-3
RSFMJ2.77E-41.61E-51.33E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.06E-88.43E-73.62E-51.46E-8-3.65E-5
NRSFMJ0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
FWm34.01E-16.15E-36.00E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+07.63E-63.21E-41.12E-24.90E-6-1.65E-1
Hazardous waste disposedkg1.58E+04.52E-22.47E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.51E-52.36E-34.04E-13.21E-5-1.98E+0
Non-hazardous waste disposedkg1.56E+11.21E+02.09E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.69E-46.33E-27.10E+12.01E+0-8.90E+1
Radioactive waste disposedkg3.15E-42.02E-51.37E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.19E-81.05E-69.02E-76.30E-9-1.74E-3
Components for re-usekg0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Material for recyclingkg3.42E-39.20E-62.62E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.06E-94.80E-70.00E+00.00E+0-5.19E-5
Materials for energy recoverykg2.95E-69.01E-82.64E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-104.70E-94.04E-15.13E-11-1.15E-6
Exported energy, electricityMJ2.37E-11.40E-23.36E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.44E-67.33E-41.23E+23.28E-1-1.31E+0
Exported energy, thermalMJ1.31E-13.44E-21.18E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.64E-71.80E-32.47E+26.34E-2-2.93E+1
Acronyms
Disclaimers
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Results of an alternative modelling approach

Description of the scenario/method100% landfilling
Results of an alternative modelling approach
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
GWP-totalkg CO2 eq.-9.40E+12.74E+11.44E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-10.00E+01.07E+20.00E+0
GWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.42E+02.74E+19.62E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-10.00E+06.07E-10.00E+0
GWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-1.01E+25.83E-34.82E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.56E-61.87E-40.00E+01.01E+20.00E+0
GWP-luluckg CO2 eq.4.94E-24.24E-42.41E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.25E-71.36E-50.00E+04.83E-50.00E+0
GWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.7.48E+02.74E+19.70E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-10.00E+04.91E+00.00E+0
ODPkg CFC 11 eq.9.31E-76.25E-79.17E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.84E-102.01E-80.00E+02.18E-80.00E+0
APmol H+ eq.7.66E-26.89E-25.01E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.08E-42.21E-30.00E+04.07E-30.00E+0
EP-freshwaterkg P eq.5.87E-41.78E-52.71E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.88E-85.73E-70.00E+03.22E-60.00E+0
EP-marinekg N eq.5.56E-22.72E-21.95E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.80E-58.75E-40.00E+03.12E-30.00E+0
EP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.22E-12.98E-12.16E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-39.56E-30.00E+02.01E-20.00E+0
POCPkg NMVOC eq.6.82E-21.20E-16.66E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.05E-43.85E-30.00E+08.84E-30.00E+0
ADP-minerals&metals*kg Sb eq.6.75E-57.36E-71.44E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.72E-102.36E-80.00E+02.94E-70.00E+0
ADP-fossil*MJ1.19E+23.62E+21.03E+10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+10.00E+01.51E+10.00E+0
WDP*m31.70E+12.52E-11.59E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.17E-48.08E-30.00E+0-1.37E+10.00E+0
PM[Disease incidence]2.08E-61.82E-61.31E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.08E-105.84E-80.00E+01.05E-70.00E+0
IRP2[kBq U235 eq.]4.17E-13.60E-27.77E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.68E-51.16E-30.00E+01.02E-20.00E+0
ETP-fw1[CTUe]5.90E+11.66E+15.77E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.76E-25.33E-10.00E+01.52E+00.00E+0
HTP-c1[CTUh]2.90E-81.93E-98.61E-100.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.41E-126.19E-110.00E+07.27E-110.00E+0
HTP-nc1[CTUh]2.23E-71.71E-75.41E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.68E-105.48E-90.00E+01.10E-80.00E+0
SQP1-4.35E+34.74E-17.69E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.24E-41.52E-20.00E+03.83E+10.00E+0
PEREMJ1.00E+38.89E-13.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-42.85E-20.00E+03.54E-10.00E+0
PERMMJ9.93E+20.00E+0-3.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
PERTMJ2.00E+38.89E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-42.85E-20.00E+03.54E-10.00E+0
PENREMJ1.15E+23.62E+21.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+10.00E+01.51E+10.00E+0
PENRMMJ3.56E+10.00E+0-1.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
PENRTMJ1.51E+23.62E+20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+10.00E+01.51E+10.00E+0
SMkg1.30E-11.85E-46.65E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.89E-75.95E-60.00E+01.37E-30.00E+0
RSFMJ2.77E-41.61E-51.33E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.06E-85.19E-70.00E+07.20E-50.00E+0
NRSFMJ0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
FWm34.01E-16.15E-36.00E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+07.63E-61.97E-40.00E+0-3.18E-10.00E+0
Hazardous waste disposedkg1.58E+04.52E-22.47E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.51E-51.45E-30.00E+02.18E-20.00E+0
Non-hazardous waste disposedkg1.56E+11.21E+02.09E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.69E-43.90E-20.00E+07.10E+10.00E+0
Radioactive waste disposedkg3.15E-42.02E-51.37E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.19E-86.49E-70.00E+05.55E-60.00E+0
Components for re-usekg0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Material for recyclingkg3.42E-39.20E-62.62E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.06E-92.96E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Materials for energy recoverykg2.95E-69.01E-82.64E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-102.89E-90.00E+07.39E-80.00E+0
Exported energy, electricityMJ2.37E-11.40E-23.36E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.44E-64.51E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Exported energy, thermalMJ1.31E-13.44E-21.18E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.64E-71.11E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Acronyms
Disclaimers
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Results of an alternative modelling approach

Description of the scenario/method100% recycling
Results of an alternative modelling approach
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
GWP-totalkg CO2 eq.-9.40E+12.74E+11.44E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-16.69E+17.33E-3-2.30E+1
GWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.42E+02.74E+19.62E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-18.42E-17.31E-3-2.27E+1
GWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-1.01E+25.83E-34.82E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.56E-61.87E-41.01E+21.72E-5-3.09E-1
GWP-luluckg CO2 eq.4.94E-24.24E-42.41E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.25E-71.36E-54.89E-41.77E-7-3.22E-2
GWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.7.48E+02.74E+19.70E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.46E-28.80E-18.44E-17.32E-3-2.27E+1
ODPkg CFC 11 eq.9.31E-76.25E-79.17E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.84E-102.01E-81.27E-81.66E-10-2.23E-7
APmol H+ eq.7.66E-26.89E-25.01E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.08E-42.21E-38.50E-34.92E-5-1.41E-1
EP-freshwaterkg P eq.5.87E-41.78E-52.71E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.88E-85.73E-71.96E-52.54E-8-1.53E-3
EP-marinekg N eq.5.56E-22.72E-21.95E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.80E-58.75E-44.01E-32.30E-5-1.96E-2
EP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.22E-12.98E-12.16E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-39.56E-34.27E-22.52E-4-2.25E-1
POCPkg NMVOC eq.6.82E-21.20E-16.66E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.05E-43.85E-31.08E-27.75E-5-7.15E-2
ADP-minerals&metals*kg Sb eq.6.75E-57.36E-71.44E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.72E-102.36E-81.87E-72.49E-10-9.86E-7
ADP-fossil*MJ1.19E+23.62E+21.03E+10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+19.86E+09.78E-2-3.26E+2
WDP*m31.70E+12.52E-11.59E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.17E-48.08E-34.07E-12.06E-4-5.32E+0
PM[Disease incidence]2.08E-61.82E-61.31E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.08E-105.84E-88.60E-82.06E-9-1.53E-6
IRP2[kBq U235 eq.]4.17E-13.60E-27.77E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.68E-51.16E-33.03E-21.10E-5-1.64E+0
ETP-fw1[CTUe]5.90E+11.66E+15.77E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+02.76E-25.33E-15.09E+01.98E-1-4.04E+1
HTP-c1[CTUh]2.90E-81.93E-98.61E-100.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.41E-126.19E-111.35E-91.39E-11-9.61E-9
HTP-nc1[CTUh]2.23E-71.71E-75.41E-90.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+06.68E-105.48E-99.50E-85.09E-11-1.34E-7
SQP1-4.35E+34.74E-17.69E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.24E-41.52E-27.35E-18.80E-2-7.97E+2
PEREMJ1.00E+38.89E-13.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-42.85E-26.94E+22.95E-4-1.91E+2
PERMMJ9.93E+20.00E+0-3.99E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-9.92E+20.00E+00.00E+0
PERTMJ2.00E+38.89E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.68E-42.85E-2-2.98E+22.95E-4-1.91E+2
PENREMJ1.15E+23.62E+21.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+19.86E+09.78E-2-3.26E+2
PENRMMJ3.56E+10.00E+0-1.15E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-3.68E+10.00E+00.00E+0
PENRTMJ1.51E+23.62E+20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.19E-11.16E+1-2.69E+19.78E-2-3.26E+2
SMkg1.30E-11.85E-46.65E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.89E-75.95E-62.16E-44.13E-7-1.03E-3
RSFMJ2.77E-41.61E-51.33E-40.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.06E-85.19E-72.54E-51.46E-8-3.92E-1
NRSFMJ0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
FWm34.01E-16.15E-36.00E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+07.63E-61.97E-49.78E-34.90E-6-1.38E-1
Hazardous waste disposedkg1.58E+04.52E-22.47E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+05.51E-51.45E-32.87E-13.21E-5-1.65E+0
Non-hazardous waste disposedkg1.56E+11.21E+02.09E-10.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+09.69E-43.90E-24.87E+12.01E+0-6.68E+1
Radioactive waste disposedkg3.15E-42.02E-51.37E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.19E-86.49E-72.30E-56.30E-9-1.26E-3
Components for re-usekg0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Material for recyclingkg3.42E-39.20E-62.62E-50.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.06E-92.96E-72.29E+14.09E-1-8.71E-5
Materials for energy recoverykg2.95E-69.01E-82.64E-70.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+01.07E-102.89E-94.87E+15.13E-11-1.40E-6
Exported energy, electricityMJ2.37E-11.40E-23.36E-30.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+04.44E-64.51E-48.48E+13.28E-1-9.53E-1
Exported energy, thermalMJ1.31E-13.44E-21.18E-20.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+03.64E-71.11E-31.71E+26.34E-2-2.03E+1
Acronyms
Disclaimers
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Additional environmental information

Timber (spruce or pine) and birch plywood used in EcoCocon Straw Panel are sourced from FSC certified suppliers. EcoCocon is certified with FSCTM Chain-of-Custody, Certificate SGSCH-COC-210088, valid from 23.04.2026 to 22.04.2031.

Wood-based materials are sourced from PEFC Chain of Custody certified suppliers. Certificate No. SGSCH-PEFC-COC-210039, valid from 23.04.2026 to 22.04.2031.

Information related to EPDs of multiple products

Description of how the averages have been determinedThe EPD covers multiple products where the average EcoCocon Straw Panel is based on a sales based average where data was collected over a 30 months periode to include most representative projects to reflect an average EcoCocon Straw Panel. The average EcoCocon Straw Panel consist of seven different wall panel types. Standard (P), Braced (B), Column (C), Lintel (L), Sill (S), Inclined (I) and Inclined-Braced (D)

Abbreviations

DU Declared Unit

EN European Norm (Standard)

EF Emission Factor

GPI General Programme Instructions

ISO International Organization for Standardization

CEN European Committee for Standardization 

SVHC Substances of Very High Concern

ND Not Declared

EoL End-of-life

References

a) General Programme Instructions of International EPD System. Version 5.0.1.

b) 2019:14, Construction Products. Version 2.0.1

c) European Commission. (2024). Techno-economic and environmental assessment of construction and demolition waste management in the European Union Status quo and prospective potential. https://doi.org/10.2760/721895

d) Haugbølle, K., Mahdi, V., Morelli, M. & Wahedi, H. (2021). BUILD levetidstabel: Version 2021. (2 udg.) Institut for Byggeri, By og Miljø (BUILD).

e) International Organization for Standardization. (2006). ISO 14025:2006 Environmental statements and programmes for products — Environmental product declarations (EPDs).

f) International Organization for Standardization. (2006). ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management—Life cycle assessment—Principles and framework.

g) International Organization for Standardization. (2006). ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management—Life cycle assessment—Requirements and guidelines.

h) Ikenze, N., Rizos, V., & Nipius, L. (2024). Improving Waste Wood Circularity in the EU: Classification Frameworks and Policy Options. CEPS In-Depth Analysis

Version history

Version 001, 2026-09-25