EPD-IES-0028914:002

External venetian blind cord system

The products are solar shading systems made of profiled or extruded aluminum slats, designed to regulate solar radiation and natural light inside indoor environments. Their main function is to improve the building’s energy performance and indoor comfort: in summer they limit direct solar gains, while in winter they allow a controlled intake of light and heat. Thanks to adjustable slats, the system enables the modulation of ventilation, lighting, and privacy.

EPD Owner	LUPAK METAL S.R.L.
Registration number	EPD-IES-0028914:002
EPD type	EPD of multiple products based on a representative product
Status	Valid
Version date	2026-05-25
Validity date	2031-05-25
Standards conformance	ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021
Geographical scope	Europe
An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD.

Programme	International EPD System
Address	EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden
Website	www.environdec.com
E-mail	support@environdec.com

CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR)
Product Category Rules (PCR)	2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1
PCR review was conducted by	The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support.

Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via	EPD verification through an individual EPD verification EPD verification through EPD Process Certification* EPD verification through a pre-verified LCA/EPD tool
Third-party verifier	IMQ S.p.A.
Accredited by	Accredia
Accredited certification body address	Italy
Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier	Yes No
*EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com.

Limitations

EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.

Ownership

The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.

EPD Owner	LUPAK METAL S.R.L.
Contact person name	ANNALISA TOMBA
Contact person e-mail	a.tomba@lupakmetal.com
Organisation address	Via Granarolo, 77 48018 Faenza Italy
LCA Practitioner	Valentina Giorgetti, v.giorgetti@orizonformazione.it

Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner

Lupak Metal SRL is an Italian company founded in 2012, specialising in the design, research, development and production of solar shading systems made of profiled and extruded aluminium, intended for the building and architectural sectors. Its solar shading systems—including fixed-blade and chain-operated brise-soleil—offer customisable solutions for natural light control, energy efficiency and indoor environmental comfort. The company is rooted in solid experience in the field of technical shading systems and stands out for innovation, careful material selection and adaptability to the design requirements of high energy-performance buildings, including PASSIVHAUS applications. Its activities are strongly oriented towards energy efficiency and product sustainability, supported by continuous investments in research and development.

Organisation logo

Product name	External venetian blind cord system
Product identification	External venetian blind cord system
Product description	The products are solar shading systems made of profiled or extruded aluminum slats, designed to regulate solar radiation and natural light inside indoor environments. Their main function is to improve the building’s energy performance and indoor comfort: in summer they limit direct solar gains, while in winter they allow a controlled intake of light and heat. Thanks to adjustable slats, the system enables the modulation of ventilation, lighting, and privacy.
Technical purpose of product	The system is engineered to fulfill the following main functions: - Solar radiation control: Shading of solar rays to improve the building’s energy performance. - Natural light control: Modulation of indoor lighting and visual comfort through the adjustable orientation of the slats. - Thermal comfort: In summer, it limits direct heat gains, while in winter it promotes a controlled intake of solar heat. - Privacy and ventilation: The adjustable slats allow for the management of natural air exchange and indoor privacy.
Manufacturing or service provision description	The entire production cycle (Module A3) takes place at the manufacturing facility located in Italy. The process is organized into mechanical assembly lines that transform pre-fabricated components into finished solar shading systems. The production cycle for the venetian blind / external shading product family includes the following sequential steps: - Headrail assembly: integration of upper structural components. - Guides and mechanical system assembly: preparation of sliding systems and slat orientation mechanisms. - Specific processing (90 mm model): for the representative product, the process includes dedicated steps such as end-profile cutting and technical rubber sealing application. - Packaging: finished products are protected using LDPE plastic film, cardboard boxes, and wooden
Material properties	Coverage area: 1 m²/l Thickness: 0 m Area density: 0 kg/m² Coverage area: 1 m²/l Thickness: 0 m Area density: 0 kg/m²
Manufacturing site	Lupak Metal srl Via Granarolo 77 48018 Faenza (RA) Italy
UN CPC code	42120. Doors, windows and their frames and thresholds for doors, of iron, steel or aluminium
Geographical scope	Europe

Product images

Content declaration

Content declaration of multiple products	The EPD covers multiple products (65mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 90mm esse). The EPD is based on a representative product (90mm).
Hazardous and toxic substances	The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight.

Product content

Content name	Mass, kg	Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product	Biogenic material, mass-% of product	Biogenic material¹, kg C/declared unit
Electric motor	0.308	0	0	0
Galvanized steel	0.231	0	0	0
Extruded aluminium	0.194	0	0	0
Aluminium	0.167	0	0	0
Polyoxymethylene (POM)	0.033	0	0	0
Polyamide (PA)	0.025	0	0	0
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)	0.023	0	0	0
Zamak (zinc alloy)	0.01	0	0	0
Stainless steel	0.008	0	0	0
Polystyrene	0.001	0	0	0
Total	1	0	0	0
Note 1	1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO₂

Packaging materials

Material name	Mass, kg	Mass-% (versus the product)	Biogenic material¹, kg C/declared unit
Plastic film	0.0003	1	0
Corrugated board box	0.054	1	0.0225
Total	0.0543	2	0.0225
Note 1	1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO₂

EPD based on declared or functional unit	Declared unit
Declared unit and reference flow	External venetian blind cord system Area: 1 m²
Conversion factor to mass	1
Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes?	Yes No
Datasources used for this EPD	ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.10 database
LCA Software	SimaPro 10.1
Version of the EN 15804 reference package	EF Reference Package 3.1
Characterisation methods	EN 15804 + A2 (adapted)
Technology description including background system	The product system includes the production of flush-mounted retractable solar shading systems through the assembly of the headbox, side guides, and mechanical components, as well as cutting and technical rubber sealing of the terminal profile. The process also includes internal material handling, final product packaging (using cardboard, LDPE film, and wooden pallets), and the management of production waste, such as aluminum and steel scrap. Foreground processes cover all manufacturing stages carried out at the production site in Italy, including energy consumption (electricity drawn from the grid and partially self-generated via a photovoltaic system), natural gas used for heating, water consumption, and on-site waste treatment. Background processes include the production of raw materials (extruded and profiled aluminum, galvanized and stainless steel, zamak, and electric motors), the production of packaging materials, and the transportation of all inputs to the manufacturing site. These processes are modeled using secondary data from the Ecoinvent 3.11 database, in compliance with EN 15804 requirements.
Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level	Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs

Data quality assessment

Description of data quality assessment and reference years	Primary data used for the core manufacturing processes refer to the reference year 2024 and are based on actual production data collected from the manufacturing site. Secondary data are sourced from recognised LCA databases compliant with EN 15804 (e.g. ecoinvent or equivalent), and refer to recent available datasets representative of European average or specific regional conditions. The data quality is considered good in terms of temporal, geographical, and technological representativeness. Primary data are fully representative of current production conditions, while secondary data reflect state-of-the-art background processes available in the selected LCA database. Data completeness and consistency are ensured according to EN 15804+A2 requirements.

Description of data quality assessment and reference years

Primary data used for the core manufacturing processes refer to the reference year 2024 and are based on actual production data collected from the manufacturing site. Secondary data are sourced from recognised LCA databases compliant with EN 15804 (e.g. ecoinvent or equivalent), and refer to recent available datasets representative of European average or specific regional conditions. The data quality is considered good in terms of temporal, geographical, and technological representativeness. Primary data are fully representative of current production conditions, while secondary data reflect state-of-the-art background processes available in the selected LCA database. Data completeness and consistency are ensured according to EN 15804+A2 requirements.

Data quality assessment

Process name	Source type	Source	Reference year	Data category	Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3
Raw material	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	0.2%
Raw material transport	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	2.2%
Finished product packaging transport	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	0.1%
Electricity	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	6.7%
Gas	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	1.7%
Photovoltaic	Database	Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4	2024	Primary data	0.3%
Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3					11.2%
The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories.

Electricity data


Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services)
Type of electricity mix	Residual electricity mix on the market
Energy sources	Hydro	0%
	Wind	0.43%
	Solar	6.21%
	Biomass	0.63%
	Geothermal	0%
	Waste	0%
	Nuclear	4.4%
	Natural gas	58.22%
	Coal	22.72%
	Oil	3.76%
	Peat	0%
	Other	3.62%
GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO₂ eq./kWh)	0.64 kg CO₂ eq./kWh

Description of the system boundary	b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules).
Excluded modules	No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules

Declared modules

	Product stage			Construction process stage		Use stage							End of life stage				Beyond product life cycle
	Raw material supply	Transport	Manufacturing	Transport to site	Construction installation	Use	Maintenance	Repair	Replacement	Refurbishment	Operational energy use	Operational water use	De-construction demolition	Transport	Waste processing	Disposal	Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential
Module	A1	A2	A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
Modules declared	X	X	X	X	X	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	X	ND	X	X	X	X	X
Geography	Europe	Europe	Europe	Europe	Europe	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	Europe	N/A	Global	Europe	Europe	Europe	Europe
Share of specific data	11.2%			-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Variation - products	6%			-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Variation - sites	0%			-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Disclaimer	The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only.

Process flow diagram(s) related images

Name of the default scenario	Construction, use (installation) and end-of-life scenario for venetian blind
Description of the default scenario	The scenario covers the transport of venetian blind to the construction site (A4), their installation in building applications (A5), and the end-of-life treatment of the product (C), including transport, waste processing, and final disposal or recovery routes.

Module A4: Transport to the building site

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4	Transport to site
Brief description of the default scenario in module A4	The scenario covers shipments to distributors and transport in Europe
Description of the default scenario in module A4	To calculate the impacts of transporting the finished product to the installation site, transport by truck (Euro 5) or ship was considered. The destination countries for the venetian blinds are primarily Italy or Spain; therefore, a precise weighted average distance per market and transport mode was considered in this phase.

Module A4 information	Value	Unit
Distance	290	km
Capacity utilization (including empty returns)	50	%
Volume capacity utilization factor (factor: =1 or <1 or ≥1 for compressed or nested packaged products)	<1	Dimensionless
Vehicle type	Truck >32t	N/A
Fuel type	Diesel	N/A
Container ship	1.9	km

Module A5: Installation in the building

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5	Installation
Brief description of the default scenario in module A5	Installation
Description of the default scenario in module A5	The installation phase involves a direct impact deriving from the use of electricity for drills (estimated at 0.013 kWh/kg). Since the venetian blinds are custom-made, no material waste is generated at the construction site. Additional accounted impacts derive from the disposal of finished product packaging (wood, cardboard, and plastic film), which is sent for treatment at this stage.

Module A5 information	Value	Unit
Electricity consumption during installation	0.026	kWh

Module B6: Operational energy use

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B6	Operational energy use
Brief description of the default scenario in module B6	Operational energy use
Description of the default scenario in module B6	Module B6 includes the electricity consumption required for the operation of the motorized sun shading system during its use phase. The system is equipped with a Somfy electric motor (model J418 HTM 18/24G1), whose technical and environmental data are derived from the corresponding Product Environmental Profile (PEP Ecopassport Ref. 1210132). Technical Parameters and Assumptions The energy consumption calculation is based on the following technical specifications provided by the manufacturer and validated in the LCA report: • Reference Service Life (RSL): 15 years (determined based on the operational lifetime of the electric motor). • Rated power in active mode: 155 W. • Estimated operating time: The motor activation time has been modelled to cover daily opening and closing cycles, corresponding to 0.22% of the total available time, equal to approximately 19.272 hours of operation over the 15-year product lifetime. • Total life cycle consumption: The motor operation results in a total electricity consumption of 44.8074 kWh per product unit. • Normalized data: When referred to the functional unit of 1 kg of sun shading system, the specific consumption is equal to 4.49 kWh/kg. Energy Modelling In accordance with EPD International rules for the use phase, electricity has been modelled using the national consumption mix (Italian consumption mix). The associated emissions refer exclusively to indirect electricity consumption, as the system does not generate direct emissions into the environment during normal operation.

Module B6 information	Value	Unit
Power output of equipment	9.14	kWh

Module C: End-of-life

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C	End-of-Life
Brief description of the default scenario in module C	End-of-Life
Description of the default scenario in module C	C1: for the demolition/deconstruction phase of the material, the use of a diesel-powered machine with a power of 1,1 kWh per tonne of material was considered, as indicated in table 4 of PCR 2019:14. C2: the distance for transport from the de-installation site to the waste treatment site was considered to be 130 km, as indicated in Table 4 of PCR 2019:14. C3-C4: for the waste treatment phase, different percentages of recycling and landfill disposal were considered, distinguishing them for Italy on the basis of data from technical literature.

Module C information	Value	Unit
% of recycling (steel)	43.6	%
% of recycling (aluminum)	90	%
Transport to recyling - distance	130	km

Reference service life

Description of the default scenario in reference service life	The product’s service life is based on the service life of the installed motor.

Reference service life information	Value	Unit
Reference service life	15	year(s)

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D	Benefits and loads
Brief description of the default scenario in module D	Benefits and loads
Description of the default scenario in module D	In this phase of the life cycle, the benefit deriving from material recycling was considered, against the impact of the treatment of waste up to the state of secondary raw material.

Module D information	Value	Unit
Avoided product from material recovery steel	0,51	kg
Avoided product from material recovery aluminum	1,59	kg

The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.

Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact category	Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
Climate change - total	GWP-total	kg CO₂ eq.	1.44E+1	2.76E-1	7.93E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.72E+1	ND	1.94E-3	1.23E-1	3.14E-3	4.50E-5	-2.18E+1
Climate change - fossil	GWP-fossil	kg CO₂ eq.	1.45E+1	2.76E-1	6.36E-2	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.58E+1	ND	1.94E-3	1.23E-1	3.00E-3	4.47E-5	-2.18E+1
Climate change - biogenic	GWP-biogenic	kg CO₂ eq.	-1.04E-1	1.89E-4	7.29E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.37E+0	ND	2.12E-7	8.45E-5	1.41E-4	2.57E-7	7.67E-2
Climate change - land use and land-use change	GWP-luluc	kg CO₂ eq.	5.09E-2	9.02E-5	1.40E-5	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.01E-3	ND	1.69E-7	4.03E-5	4.30E-7	1.08E-8	-6.19E-2
Ozone depletion	ODP	kg CFC-11 eq.	7.09E-7	5.48E-9	1.24E-9	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.65E-7	ND	2.98E-11	2.45E-9	5.87E-11	1.40E-12	-1.07E-7
Acidification	AP	mol H⁺ eq.	1.61E-1	8.65E-4	3.16E-4	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	6.67E-2	ND	1.75E-5	3.86E-4	1.92E-5	4.93E-7	-1.37E-1
Eutrophication aquatic freshwater	EP-freshwater	kg P eq.	7.57E-3	1.84E-5	1.23E-5	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.53E-3	ND	5.68E-8	8.23E-6	4.05E-7	7.50E-8	-5.99E-3
Eutrophication aquatic marine	EP-marine	kg N eq.	2.19E-2	2.91E-4	2.72E-4	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	9.96E-3	ND	8.14E-6	1.30E-4	6.75E-6	1.23E-7	-2.36E-2
Eutrophication terrestrial	EP-terrestrial	mol N eq.	5.25E-1	3.17E-3	8.21E-4	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.09E-1	ND	8.91E-5	1.41E-3	7.38E-5	1.32E-6	-2.44E-1
Photochemical ozone formation	POCP	kg NMVOC eq.	6.19E-2	1.35E-3	3.42E-4	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	4.65E-2	ND	2.66E-5	6.04E-4	2.35E-5	4.83E-7	-7.64E-2
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals	ADP-minerals&metals¹	kg Sb eq.	2.16E-3	8.82E-7	5.91E-7	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.98E-4	ND	6.94E-10	3.94E-7	2.10E-8	8.55E-11	9.94E-5
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels	ADP-fossil¹	MJ, net calorific value	2.17E+2	3.87E+0	8.69E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	2.54E+2	ND	2.54E-2	1.73E+0	4.42E-2	1.04E-3	-2.06E+2
Water use	WDP¹	m³ world eq. deprived	1.03E+1	1.59E-2	1.32E-2	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.15E+1	ND	5.51E-5	7.10E-3	1.23E-3	-5.83E-4	-2.23E+0
Acronyms	GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1	The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator

Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators

Impact category	Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
Climate change - GWP-GHG	GWP-GHG¹	kg CO₂ eq.	1.46E+1	2.76E-1	2.73E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.59E+1	ND	1.94E-3	1.23E-1	3.01E-3	4.48E-5	-2.19E+1
Acronyms	GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas.
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1	The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO₂ is set to zero.

Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact category	Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
Particulate matter emissions	PM	Disease incidence	1.58E-6	2.17E-8	2.22E-9	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.29E-7	ND	4.98E-10	9.69E-9	3.84E-10	7.50E-12	-1.84E-6
Ionizing radiation - human health	IRP¹	kBq U235 eq.	1.44E+0	4.97E-3	5.70E-3	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.89E+0	ND	1.14E-5	2.22E-3	2.03E-4	1.39E-6	-2.83E-1
Eco-toxicity - freshwater	ETP-fw²	CTUe	1.45E+3	2.08E+0	1.34E+1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	9.88E+1	ND	7.21E-3	9.30E-1	1.53E-2	1.53E-3	-1.62E+2
Human toxicity - cancer effects	HTP-c²	CTUh	8.88E-7	3.85E-9	5.87E-10	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	8.18E-8	ND	1.52E-11	1.72E-9	1.91E-11	5.08E-13	-2.85E-7
Human toxicity - non-cancer effects	HTP-nc²	CTUh	1.25E-6	4.83E-9	1.55E-8	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.95E-7	ND	6.29E-12	2.16E-9	4.52E-11	2.47E-12	-1.22E-7
Land-use related impacts/soil quality	SQP²	Dimensionless	9.84E+1	2.30E+0	4.01E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	9.28E+1	ND	1.79E-3	1.03E+0	1.09E-2	2.55E-3	-2.84E+1
Acronyms	PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index.
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1	This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2	The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator.

Resource use indicators according to EN 15804

Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ, net calorific value	2.05E+1	6.35E-2	3.15E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.09E+2	ND	1.52E-4	2.84E-2	1.14E-2	2.09E-5	-2.01E+1
PERM	MJ, net calorific value	6.94E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
PERT	MJ, net calorific value	2.74E+1	6.35E-2	3.15E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.09E+2	ND	1.52E-4	2.84E-2	1.14E-2	2.09E-5	-2.01E+1
PENRE	MJ, net calorific value	2.17E+2	3.87E+0	8.70E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	2.54E+2	ND	2.54E-2	1.73E+0	4.42E-2	1.04E-3	-2.06E+2
PENRM	MJ, net calorific value	1.25E-1	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
PENRT	MJ, net calorific value	2.17E+2	3.87E+0	8.70E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	2.54E+2	ND	2.54E-2	1.73E+0	4.42E-2	1.04E-3	-2.06E+2
SM	kg	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
RSF	MJ, net calorific value	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
NRSF	MJ, net calorific value	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
FW	m³	2.87E-1	5.25E-4	4.99E-4	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	3.07E-1	ND	1.62E-6	2.35E-4	3.29E-5	-1.26E-5	-1.07E-1
Acronyms	PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water.
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Waste indicators according to EN 15804

Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	5.83E-2	9.59E-5	3.27E-3	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.60E-2	ND	2.32E-7	4.29E-5	1.82E-6	5.25E-7	1.50E-1
NHWD	kg	1.06E+0	1.84E-1	1.57E-1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	1.01E+0	ND	1.56E-5	8.22E-2	1.15E-4	4.47E-3	-4.65E-1
RWD	kg	3.69E-4	1.23E-6	1.50E-6	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	5.00E-4	ND	2.80E-9	5.52E-7	5.36E-8	3.41E-10	-7.03E-5
Acronyms	HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed.
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Output flow indicators according to EN 15804

Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	C1	C2	C3	C4	D
CRU	kg	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
MFR	kg	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	2.10E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
MER	kg	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
EEE	MJ, net calorific value	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
EET	MJ, net calorific value	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	0.00E+0	ND	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0	0.00E+0
Acronyms	CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy.
General disclaimer	The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

The recycled material content of the chain venetian blind system is certified under the ReMade scheme.

The certificate, issued by Istituto Giordano S.p.A., an accredited certification body, confirms a recycled material content depending on the type of product.

This information constitutes complementary data to this EPD and is not included in the LCA results or in the environmental indicators reported above.

Certificate of conformity: N. 481/CP

Trade name: 65mm

Total amount: 43,9%

Recycled material: 43,9%

Recovered material: 0%