EPD-IES-0032334:001
Photovoltaic mounting structures
The photovoltaic ground mounting structure is designed for utility-scale installations with table lengths of up to 30 m and module inclinations between 10° and 30°. It accommodates two- or three-row portrait module layouts with clamped module fastening and multiple foundation options to suit varying site conditions. The system can compensate for ground level differences of up to 0.5 m and is engineered to withstand snow loads of up to 1.6 kN/m² and wind speeds of up to 25 m/s. The structure is backed by a warranty of more than 10 years. The structure supports approximately 4,716 m² of PV module area, corresponding to about 1,667 modules of 600 Wp each with dimensions 1,303 × 2,172 mm.
General information
| EPD Owner | Szermann Kft |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0032334:001 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on the average results of the product group |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-06-18 |
| Validity date | 2031-06-17 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
|---|---|
| Third-party verifier | Silvia Vilčeková (SILCERT, Ltd.) |
| Approved by | The International EPD® System |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Szermann Kft |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Balázs Fülöp |
| Contact person e-mail | fulop.balazs@szermann.hu |
| Organisation address | Szentlőrinci út 15/8 Szentlőrinci út 15/8 7634 Pécs Hungary |
| LCA Practitioner | Artur Szilágyi, artur@lifecycle.hu |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Szermann Kft., a Hungarian manufacturer of solar mounting structures, holds several quality management and manufacturing certifications to ensure industry compliance. Their official corporate and product certifications include: ISO 9001:2015: Quality Management System, ISO 14001:2015: Environmental Management System, EN 1090-EXC2: Execution of steel structures, allowing for structural steel manufacturing and compliance across the EU, EN ISO 1461: Specification for hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles and EN ISO 3834-2: Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | Photovoltaic mounting structure |
|---|---|
| Product identification | Photovoltaic mounting structures produced by Szermann Kft, in various design formats such as Classic, East-West and Classic Mini product families. |
| Product description | The photovoltaic ground mounting structure is designed for utility-scale installations with table lengths of up to 30 m and module inclinations between 10° and 30°. It accommodates two- or three-row portrait module layouts with clamped module fastening and multiple foundation options to suit varying site conditions. The system can compensate for ground level differences of up to 0.5 m and is engineered to withstand snow loads of up to 1.6 kN/m² and wind speeds of up to 25 m/s. The structure is backed by a warranty of more than 10 years. The structure supports approximately 4,716 m² of PV module area, corresponding to about 1,667 modules of 600 Wp each with dimensions 1,303 × 2,172 mm. |
| Product information from external sources | https://www.szermann.hu/en#termekeink |
| Technical purpose of product | The photovoltaic ground mounting structures manufactured by Szermann Kft. are intended to support and secure solar photovoltaic (PV) modules in ground-mounted solar power installations. The structures are suitable for a variety of project configurations, including fixed-tilt systems, east–west layouts, and custom-designed arrangements adapted to site-specific conditions, terrain, and project requirements. They are designed to provide long-term structural stability and reliable support throughout the service life of the PV installation. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The structural steels of grades S235, S275, and S355, as well as the aluminium materials used in production, are assigned incoming identification codes to ensure full traceability. Before the actual processing begins, the production plans are reviewed by the production manager and the shift supervisor. This is followed by the cutting stage, during which the materials are cut to the required dimensions according to the specified cutting plan, with efforts made to minimise waste generation. To ensure accurate inclination angles, precise cuts are carried out using high-performance sawing machines. In the machining phase, hole drilling and press shop operations lay the groundwork for the on-site assembly of the structures, which is then followed by the welding process. The company utilizes a jig-based welding technology to ensure geometric accuracy and repeatability; additionally, serial production efficiency is enhanced through the use of a welding robot. The corrosion protection of the finished products is ensured through galvanization performed by an external partner. The process concludes with the logistics stage, during which the strapped crates, labelled with identification codes, are dispatched to the project site together with the required delivery notes and accompanying documentation, in accordance with project requirements. |
| Material properties | Mass per piece: 26000 kg/piece Mass per piece: 26000 kg/piece |
| Manufacturing site | Szermann Kft Pécs Szentlőrinci út 15/8. 7634 Pécs Hungary |
| UN CPC code | 41262. Angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed, cold-finished or further worked, of iron or non-alloy steel |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
Product images
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | Content declaration represents an average product. |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steel | 24715 | 11.76 | 0 | 0 |
| Aluminium | 145 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Zinc | 940 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chromium steel | 200 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 26000 | 11.76 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | Photovoltaic mounting structure Number of pieces: 1 piece(s) |
| Conversion factor to mass | 26000 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.12 database |
| LCA Software | OpenLCA 2.6.0 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | European Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023. |
| Technology description including background system | The photovoltaic ground mounting structure is designed to support 1 MWp of installed solar PV capacity in ground-mounted systems. The average structure weighs 26.0 tonnes and consists primarily of steel (95.1%), with smaller amounts of zinc coating, stainless steel, and aluminium. Results are based on an average product model representing all mounting structures manufactured at the facility during 2025; production includes cutting, machining, welding, and external hot-dip galvanizing, and the structure has a reference service life of 25 years. 100% recycling is assumed as End of Life scenario. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | Primary data were collected for the most recent completed fiscal year (2025). No poor or very poor data used for the analysis. |
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Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing | Database, measurement | EPD Owner | 2025 | Primary data | 1% |
| Raw materials | Database, EPD | ecoinvent v3.12 and 2 supplier EPDs | 2025 | Primary and secondary data | 12% |
| End-of-Life | Database | ecoinvent v3.12 | 2025 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 13% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 1.7% |
| Wind | 5.05% | |
| Solar | 21.09% | |
| Biomass | 5.74% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 35.9% | |
| Natural gas | 18.38% | |
| Coal | 9.54% | |
| Oil | 0% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 1.08% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.29 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | a) Cradle to gate with modules C1-C4 and module D (A1-A3 + C + D). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Europe | Europe | Hungary | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 13% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 20% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | 100% recycling scenario |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | C1–C4 cover dismantling, transport and recycling of metal; no final disposal. Only the virgin share (52.8%) of steel receives Module D credits. |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | 100% recycling |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | C1–C4 cover dismantling, transport and recycling of metal; no final disposal |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | Modules C1–C4 cover the end-of-life treatment of the product, including dismantling with diesel-operated machinery, transport of waste over 80 km by road, and subsequent sorting and processing of the recovered steel scrap; the final disposal stage (C4) is assumed to be zero, as 100% of the material is sent to recycling. |
| Module C information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Transport distance to sorting facility | 80 | km |
| Fraction of recycled material | 100 | % |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | 100% recycling |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Only the virgin share (52.8%) receives Module D credits. |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | The steel components contain an average recycled content of 47.2%, based on supplier-specific EPD data and the ecoinvent dataset "market for steel, low-alloyed, GLO"; therefore, in accordance with EN 15804+A2 and the recycled content (cut-off) approach, only the non-recycled share of the recovered steel scrap is credited in Module D as avoided primary steel production, modelled using the ecoinvent dataset "steel production, converter, low-alloyed, RoW". Loads from recycling is covered by "steel production, electric, low-alloyed, RER" |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 5.81E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.57E+2 | 3.97E+2 | 6.73E+2 | 0.00E+0 | -2.27E+4 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 5.75E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.57E+2 | 3.96E+2 | 6.80E+2 | 0.00E+0 | -2.28E+4 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | 4.13E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.84E-2 | 2.53E-1 | -7.99E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 5.57E+1 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 1.16E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.61E-2 | 1.28E-1 | 9.15E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -1.02E+1 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 1.06E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.49E-6 | 8.95E-6 | 9.77E-6 | 0.00E+0 | -9.54E-5 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 1.89E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.19E+0 | 1.24E+0 | 7.41E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -8.96E+1 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 3.40E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.15E-2 | 2.75E-2 | 4.11E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -1.26E+1 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 2.41E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.49E+0 | 4.33E-1 | 1.74E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -2.19E+1 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 5.42E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.63E+1 | 4.70E+0 | 1.95E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -2.25E+2 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 6.42E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.90E+0 | 1.97E+0 | 5.85E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -8.13E+1 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 4.03E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.33E-4 | 1.38E-3 | 4.17E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.66E-1 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 6.91E+5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.63E+3 | 5.59E+3 | 9.06E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -2.26E+5 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 3.00E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.16E+1 | 2.91E+1 | 1.57E+2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.03E+4 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 5.76E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.57E+2 | 3.96E+2 | 6.82E+2 | 0.00E+0 | -2.28E+4 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 1.36E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.11E-5 | 3.16E-5 | 1.05E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -2.15E-3 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 4.05E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.94E+0 | 6.38E+0 | 6.37E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 6.80E+2 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 1.42E+6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.70E+2 | 8.28E+2 | 5.06E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.80E+5 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 1.10E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.43E-8 | 6.47E-8 | 5.27E-7 | 0.00E+0 | -2.67E-5 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 1.52E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.11E-7 | 3.40E-6 | 3.64E-5 | 0.00E+0 | -4.17E-4 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 2.04E+5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.21E+2 | 3.32E+3 | 1.62E+4 | 0.00E+0 | -6.77E+4 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 7.41E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.91E+1 | 9.19E+1 | 1.49E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.43E+4 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 6.79E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 7.48E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.91E+1 | 9.19E+1 | 1.49E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.43E+4 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 6.92E+5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.63E+3 | 5.59E+3 | 9.07E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -2.26E+5 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 6.92E+5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.63E+3 | 5.59E+3 | 9.07E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -2.26E+5 |
| SM | kg | -1.06E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.63E+0 | 5.41E+0 | 2.60E+4 | 0.00E+0 | 1.02E+4 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 1.09E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.68E-1 | 1.27E+0 | 1.79E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 3.80E+2 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 5.31E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.79E-1 | 6.61E-1 | 3.61E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -8.81E+1 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 6.54E+4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.51E+1 | 3.41E+1 | 1.20E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -2.91E+4 |
| NHWD | kg | 2.39E+5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.50E+1 | 4.49E+2 | 2.40E+3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.11E+5 |
| RWD | kg | 1.13E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.55E-4 | 1.55E-3 | 1.60E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 1.75E-1 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 3.77E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 2.60E+4 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 6.10E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.24E+0 | 4.99E+0 | 3.88E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -2.62E+3 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Information related to EPDs of multiple products
| Description of how the averages have been determined | Annual consumption of raw materials, purchased components, energy, packaging materials, and other relevant inputs was compiled for the facility and related to the total photovoltaic capacity (MWp) of mounting structures delivered during fiscal year 2025. The average inputs per declared unit were calculated by dividing the annual inputs by the total installed capacity. As only one manufacturing site is included, no averaging across production sites was required. |
|---|
Abbreviations
Not applicable
References
European Committee for Standardization, "EN 15804+A2:2019/AC:2021: Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products, 2021," CEN-CENELEC Management Centre, Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels, 18 August 2021.
The International EPD® System, "General Programme Instructions of the International EPD® System. Version 5.0.1," 2025-02-27.
The International EPD® System, "Product Category Rules (PCR) for Construction Products (PCR 2019:14 version 2.0.1, date 2025-06-05)".
European Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023.
International Standardization Organisation, ISO 15941:2024 Sustainability of construction works. Data quality for environmental assessment of products and construction work. Selection and use of data, 2024.
Version history
Original version, 2026-06-18