INSEE Extra Durable
General information
| EPD Owner | Siam City Cement Public Company Limited |
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| Registration number | EPD-IES-0031431:001 |
| EPD type | EPD of a single product from a manufacturer/service provider |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-07-07 |
| Validity date | 2031-07-06 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Vietnam |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
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| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
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| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
| Complementary Product Category Rules (c-PCR) | PCR 2019:14-c-PCR-001 Being updated - Cement and building lime (EN 16908) (c-PCR to PCR 2019:14) (1.0.0) Version: 1.0.0 |
| c-PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
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| Third-party verifier | Hüdai Kara (Metsims Sustainability Consulting) |
| Approved by | The International EPD® System |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Siam City Cement Public Company Limited |
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| Contact person name | Nguyen Dung |
| Contact person e-mail | dungb.nguyen@siamcitycement.com |
| Organisation address | Column Tower, 3rd, 10th, 12th Fl. 199 Ratchadapisek Rd., Klongtoey 10110 Bangkok Thailand |
| LCA Practitioner | Nguyen Dung, dungb.nguyen@siamcitycement.com |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Siam City Cement Public Company Limited (SCCC) was established in 1969 and began its cement production with the completion of the first cement plant in 1972. In 1977, it was listed on the Thailand Stock Exchange. As one of the largest cement producers in Thailand, SCCC has provided world-class construction materials and services that have been vital to Thailand’s economic growth for more than 50 years. SCCC has successfully implemented a strategy to expand its presence across the South & Southeast Asian regions, including operations in Indonesia, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. INSEE Vietnam is a member of Siam City Cement Public Company Limited (SCCC) - known as the leading construction material corporation in the region. The company has more than 700 employees working at 01 Plant, 04 Cement Grinding Stations, and the Head Office in Ho Chi Minh City. Since its establishment in 1994, INSEE Vietnam has become one of the leading manufacturers of cement, construction mortar and providing leading waste management services in the South of Vietnam - Ecocycle. INSEE is proud to provide customers with high-quality, sustainable products and services. All INSEE's cement products have been certified “Green Label” by the Singapore Green Building Council (SGBC) with an international EPD certificate, and are used in many iconic buildings and important infrastructure projects, as well as contrubuting to a multitude of residential and commercial developments. ECOCYCLE has been a key partner with over 250 companies, contributing to the safe co-processing of more than 1,8 million tons of waste since 2007. With the philosophy of "Build for Life", INSEE is continuously creating a world where life is worth living.
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | INSEE Extra Durable |
|---|---|
| Product identification | INSEE Extra Durable (IED) is a blended hydraulic cement designed for high-durability concrete applications under aggressive exposure conditions. The product is intended for concrete structures requiring enhanced resistance to chlorides, sulphates, seawater and other chemically aggressive environments. Product classification: EN 197-1: CEM III/B (Blastfurnace Cement). |
| Product description | INSEE Extra Durable is a high-durability blended cement with high ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) content. The product is formulated to support low concrete permeability, improved resistance to chloride and sulphate ingress, and reduced heat development during concrete hardening. It is suitable for infrastructure and structural concrete applications where long-term durability performance is required. |
| Product information from external sources | INSEE Extra Durable is marketed by INSEE Vietnam as cement for high-durability concrete. Published product information highlights low permeability, protection against chlorides and sulphates, and reduced micro-cracking related to heat development during hardening. The product is associated with aggressive-environment cement specifications, including ASTM C1157 Type HS and TCVN 7711:2013 PCBBFS 40-HS, subject to project-specific requirements and concrete mix design verification. https://siamcitycement.com/vietnam/en/products/ |
| Technical purpose of product | INSEE Extra Durable (IED) is a blended hydraulic cement classified as EN 197-1: CEM III/B (Blastfurnace Cement). It is specifically developed for concrete structures requiring superior durability and extended service life under aggressive exposure conditions. The product provides enhanced resistance to chlorides, sulphates and seawater, while reducing permeability and supporting long-term structural performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | INSEE Extra Durable is produced at the Thi Vai Grinding Station as a blended hydraulic cement with high GGBFS content. Manufacturing includes receipt and quality control of clinker, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), sulphate carrier and minor additives, followed by material storage, controlled proportioning, cement grinding, blending, finished cement storage in silos, packing and dispatch. Clinker is not produced at the Thi Vai Grinding Station. It is treated as an upstream input and modelled using the default clinker dataset embedded in the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. The manufacturing stage at Thi Vai includes electricity consumption, auxiliary material use, internal material handling, quality control and dispatch activities up to the factory gate. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1500 kg/m3 Volumetric mass density: 1500 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | Siam City Cement (Vietnam) Ltd. Thi Vai Grinding Station Phu My 1 Zone, Phu My Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 78706 Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam |
| UN CPC code | 3744. Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and similar hydraulic cements, except in the form of clinkers |
| Geographical scope | Vietnam |
| Geographical scope description | The environmental performance results presented in this EPD are representative of INSEE Extra Durable production at the Thi Vai Grinding Station in Vietnam. The LCA model reflects site-specific operating conditions for cement grinding, including local material supply, electricity supply, transport conditions and manufacturing processes under Vietnamese conditions. Clinker is modelled as an upstream input using the default clinker dataset embedded in the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. |
| Actual or technical lifespan | Not applicable. year(s) |
Product images
Technical characteristics and performance
c-PCR-001: Cement and building lime
| Product name | Product type / classification | Applicable standards | UN CPC code | Declared use / product category | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INSEE Extra Durable | Blended hydraulic cement | EN 197-1 (CEM III/B) / ASTM C1157 Type HS / TCVN 7711:2013 PCBBFS 40-HS | 3744 – Hydraulic cement | Cement for durable concrete in aggressive exposure conditions |
Technical performance
| Product name | Main application | Durability performance | Sulphate resistance | Chloride resistance / permeability | Heat of hydration | Strength development | Workability | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INSEE Extra Durable | Concrete in aggressive environments and infrastructure works | Designed for long-term durability in chemically aggressive conditions | High sulphate resistance | Low permeability / improved resistance to chloride ingress | Reduced heat evolution | Suitable for structural concrete applications | Suitable workability for concrete production |
Content declaration
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
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| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) | 721 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Portland clinker | 262 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Anhydrites, natural | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
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| Declared unit and reference flow | INSEE Extra Durable Mass: 1000 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.10 database |
| LCA Software | GCCA Industry EPD Tool Version 5.2 |
| Additional information about the underlying LCA-based information | The life cycle assessment was performed using the GCCA Industry EPD Tool for Cement and Concrete, version 5.2 (International version). The underlying LCA-based information includes the tool’s model structure, background datasets, default parameters, emission factors and characterization factors as documented in the tool. The assessment covers modules A1–A3 for the declared unit of 1 tonne of product. |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | Environmental impacts were characterized in accordance with EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 using the EF 3.1 characterization factors from the EN 15804 reference package. |
| Technology description including background system | INSEE Extra Durable is a blended hydraulic cement / slag cement produced at the Thi Vai grinding plant. The product consists mainly of GGBFS, Portland clinker and sulphate carrier. The A1–A3 system boundary covers upstream supply of input materials, transport to the grinding plant and cement manufacturing up to the factory gate. Manufacturing at Thi Vai includes receipt and quality control of clinker, GGBFS and sulphate carrier, material storage, controlled proportioning, cement grinding, blending, silo storage, packing and dispatch. Clinker is not produced at Thi Vai and is modelled as an upstream input using the default clinker dataset embedded in the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. Other background data, including electricity, fuels, transport and upstream material datasets, are sourced from the GCCA tool. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | More than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
| Material scrap name | Material scrap value |
|---|---|
| Slag, granulated, without drying | 125, kg CO2 eq./tonne |
| The share of the total scrap input that was assumed to come with an environmental burden | 100% |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | Primary operational data were collected for INSEE Extra Durable at the Thi Vai grinding plant for the reference year 2025 and cover modules A1–A3. Secondary background datasets, including the default clinker dataset, electricity, fuels, transport and upstream materials, were sourced from the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. The reported primary and secondary data shares together cover 100% of the A1–A3 GWP-GHG results. |
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| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinker and cement production | Collected operational data | INSEE Vietnam production facilities | 2025 | Primary data | 85% |
| Background datasets | Database | GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2 | 2025 | Secondary data | 15% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 100% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
| Comment on the data sources and other information in the table | Primary operational data cover the 2025 production year for INSEE Extra Durable at the TVAI site and modules A1–A3. Secondary data for electricity, fuels, transport and upstream materials were taken from the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. The reported primary/secondary data shares contribute 100% of the A1–A3 GWP-GHG results. Clinker is modelled using the default clinker dataset embedded in the tool. |
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| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
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| Type of electricity mix | Residual electricity mix on the market | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 32.6% |
| Wind | 4.1% | |
| Solar | 7.7% | |
| Biomass | 0% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 0% | |
| Natural gas | 6.2% | |
| Coal | 46.2% | |
| Oil | 0% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 3.2% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.66 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
| Method used to calculate residual electricity mix | Electricity used in A3 was modelled using the residual electricity mix dataset embedded in the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2 (International version). The GWP-GHG intensity is 6.66E-1 kg CO₂-eq./kWh. No supplier-specific or contractual electricity is applied. The residual electricity generation mix applied in the LCA is presented in the corresponding electricity mix table. No on-site WHR electricity is applied for grinding stations. |
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| Production stage (module A) | Excluded | |
| Use stage (module B) | Excluded | |
| End-of-Life stage (module C) | Excluded | |
| Beyond product life cycle (Module D) | Excluded |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | d) Cradle to gate (A1-A3). |
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| Excluded modules | Yes, there is an excluded module, or there are excluded modules |
| Justification for the omission of modules | Only the product stage modules A1–A3 are declared in accordance with the defined cradle-to-gate system boundary. Modules A4–A5, B1–B7, C1–C4 and module D are not declared, as they are outside the scope of this EPD and depend on project-specific parameters, including transport distance to site, construction and installation practices, use-phase conditions, maintenance requirements, demolition, waste treatment and end-of-life scenarios. |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Vietnam | Vietnam | Vietnam | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 85% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description of the process flow diagram(s)
The process flow diagram presents the A1–A3 product system and the system boundary up to the factory gate for INSEE Extra Durable produced at the Thi Vai grinding plant. Module A1 covers the upstream supply of clinker, supplementary cementitious materials such as slag or fly ash, gypsum and minor additives. Module A2 covers the transport of these input materials to the grinding plant. Module A3 covers all manufacturing activities at the grinding plant, including inbound logistics and receiving, quality control of incoming materials, storage in silos or bins, proportioning according to the product recipe, feeding to the cement mill, cement grinding by ball mill or vertical mill, separation, finished cement handling, storage in cement silos, final quality control, packing and dispatch in bulk or bagged form. End-of-waste is not applicable.
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Cradle-to-gate scenario |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | The default scenario represents the cradle-to-gate production of cement products in Vietnam, based on site-specific primary data collected at the Thi Vai grinding plant for the reference year 2025.. The declared system boundary covers modules A1-A3, Clinker production is modelled as an upstream process using the default clinker dataset embedded in the GCCA Industry EPD Tool v5.2. |
Environmental performance
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 3.77E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 3.77E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | 1.47E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 5.06E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 1.33E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 1.72E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 2.85E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 2.22E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 3.82E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 1.07E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 1.04E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 2.76E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 3.40E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 3.77E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 1.23E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 2.73E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 5.60E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 2.00E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 1.48E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 5.25E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 1.38E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 1.38E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 2.69E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 2.69E+3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| SM | kg | 7.52E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 5.39E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 4.78E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| FW | m3 | 9.66E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 4.20E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| NHWD | kg | 1.02E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| RWD | kg | 6.54E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
Additional environmental information
Instructions for product use
INSEE Extra Durable is a special cement for concrete exposed to aggressive environments, high-durability concrete, mass concrete and low-CO₂ concrete applications. The product shall be stored in dry conditions and handled in accordance with applicable standards, project specifications and good construction practices. Proper storage, handling, batching, mixing, placement and curing are essential to achieve the intended durability and performance.
Durability of the product
The durability of concrete produced with INSEE Extra Durable depends on the concrete mix design, cement dosage, water-to-binder ratio, curing conditions, construction practices and exposure environment. When properly designed and applied, the product supports high durability performance, improved resistance to chloride and sulphate ingress, reduced permeability, reduced heat development in mass concrete and lower embodied CO₂ through reduced clinker content.
Recycling and end-of-life information
At the end of life of concrete structures, demolition waste may be processed and reused as recycled aggregates or managed as construction and demolition waste, subject to local regulations, technical requirements and contamination assessment where applicable.
Disposal information
Unused cement and packaging materials shall be handled and disposed of in accordance with applicable local waste management regulations. Bulk cement is supplied without packaging.
Environmental management and initiatives
Siam City Cement (Vietnam) Ltd. operates integrated management systems certified to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 50001 and ISO 45001, supporting continuous improvement in quality, environmental performance, energy efficiency and occupational health and safety.
Version 001 – Initial standalone EPD issue, following the transition from INSEE Vietnam’s first-in-Vietnam portfolio-based EPD registration No. S-P-03747, issued on 2021-08-17, covering the full clinker and cement product portfolio, to individual product EPDs.
The company implements resource efficiency and emission reduction measures relevant to blended cement production, including:
1. Use of supplementary cementitious materials, especially ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), to reduce clinker content and support low-CO₂ concrete applications.
2. Optimisation of electricity use, material handling, grinding efficiency and production performance.
3. Continuous monitoring and quality control of incoming materials and finished cement.
These initiatives contribute to reducing environmental impacts associated with high-durability blended cement production.
Additional social and economic information
Siam City Cement (Vietnam) Ltd., operating under the INSEE brand, is part of Siam City Cement Public Company Limited (SCCC), a leading regional construction materials company in Southeast Asia.
INSEE Vietnam employs more than 700 employees across its production and distribution network in Southern Vietnam. The company contributes to local economic development through:
+ Direct employment and workforce development
+ Engagement with local suppliers and contractors
+ Support for infrastructure and construction sector growth
The company applies structured supply chain management practices and corporate policies addressing:
+ Occupational health and safety
+ Responsible sourcing and procurement
+ Ethical business conduct and compliance
INSEE Vietnam also actively supports community engagement and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, including:
+ Education and training programmes
+ Environmental awareness campaigns
+ Community development projects in local operating areas
Through its ESG commitments, the company integrates environmental, social and governance principles into its business operations and long-term development strategy.
Abbreviations
General abbreviations
- EN – European Standard
- ISO – International Organization for Standardization
- EPD – Environmental Product Declaration
- LCA – Life Cycle Assessment
- LCIA – Life Cycle Impact Assessment
- PCR – Product Category Rules
- c-PCR – Complementary Product Category Rules
- GCCA – Global Cement and Concrete Association
- CPC – Central Product Classification
- SVHC – Substances of Very High Concern
- ND – Not Declared
Environmental impact indicators (EN 15804)
- GWP – Global Warming Potential
- GWP-fossil – Global Warming Potential (fossil)
- GWP-biogenic – Global Warming Potential (biogenic)
- GWP-luluc – Global Warming Potential (land use and land use change)
- ODP – Ozone Depletion Potential
- AP – Acidification Potential
- EP-freshwater – Eutrophication Potential (freshwater)
- EP-marine – Eutrophication Potential (marine)
- EP-terrestrial – Eutrophication Potential (terrestrial)
- POCP – Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential
- ADP – Abiotic Depletion Potential
- WDP – Water Deprivation Potential
Resource use indicators
- PERE – Renewable primary energy excluding raw materials
- PERM – Renewable primary energy used as raw materials
- PERT – Total renewable primary energy
- PENRE – Non-renewable primary energy excluding raw materials
- PENRM – Non-renewable primary energy used as raw materials
- PENRT – Total non-renewable primary energy
- SM – Secondary materials
- RSF – Renewable secondary fuels
- NRSF – Non-renewable secondary fuels
- FW – Net freshwater use
Cement-related abbreviations
- OPC – Ordinary Portland Cement
- SCM – Supplementary Cementitious Materials
- IED - INSEE Extra Durable
References
a) EPD International AB. General Programme Instructions for the International EPD® System, Version 5.0.1, Stockholm, Sweden, 2025.
b) PCR 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2), Version 2.0.1, The International EPD® System.
c) c-PCR-001 Cement and building limes (EN 16908), Version 1.0.0, The International EPD® System.
d) EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021. Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products.
e) ISO 14025:2006. Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures.
f) ISO 14040:2006. Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework.
g) ISO 14044:2006. Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines.
h) GCCA (Global Cement and Concrete Association). GCCA Industry EPD Tool for Cement and Concrete, Version 5.2.
i) Ecoinvent Association. Ecoinvent database, Version 3.10.
j) Department of Climate Change – Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Vietnam. National grid emission factor for electricity, 2023.
k) Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) and European Cement Research Academy (ECRA). Cement CO₂ and Energy Protocol, Version 3.1.
l) European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 16908:2017 Cement and building lime – Environmental product declarations – Product category rules complementary to EN 15804.
m) Siam City Cement (Vietnam) Ltd. Internal production data and operational information for the reference year 2025.
Version history
Version 001: 2026-07-07
Initial issue of this Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for INSEE Extra Durable cement. The declaration has been prepared in accordance with EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and PCR 2019:14, using site-specific primary production data and relevant background datasets for the declared reference year. It covers a single cement product manufactured by Siam City Cement (Vietnam) Ltd. and constitutes the first standalone EPD for INSEE Extra Durable, developed following the transition from the previous portfolio-based EPD for clinker and cement products published within the International EPD® System.
Initial standalone EPD issue, developed from the transition of the former portfolio-based EPD registration No. S-P-03747 issued on 2021-08-17 for INSEE Vietnam clinker and cement products.