EPD-IES-0030976:002
Extruded clay roof tiles, including Profil, Rona, Classic, Casta, Austrian Biber, Hargita, Kerka and Taston
The product is used as sloped exterior roof cover. Harmonized technical specification: EN 1304:2005
The expected service life of our products (ESL – Estimated Service Life), taking into account the 50-year warranty ensured based on quality characteristics, the planned service life of building structures, and sector-specific reference data, can be estimated at 100 years, provided proper installation and use as intended.
Product- and management system related certifications:
ISO 9001
ISO 14001
ISO 45001
ISO 50001
General information
| EPD Owner | swisspor Hungary SEE Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0030976:002 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on the average results of the product group |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-06-25 |
| Validity date | 2031-06-25 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
|---|---|
| Third-party verifier | Silvia Vilčeková (SILCERT, Ltd.) |
| Approved by | The International EPD® System |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | swisspor Hungary SEE Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Dr. Gergely Meszaros |
| Contact person e-mail | info@swisspor.hu |
| Organisation address | Cserépgyár utca 1. 8960 Lenti Hungary |
| LCA Practitioner | Artur Szilágyi, artur@lifecycle.hu |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
As a subsidiary of the swisspor Group, swisspor Hungary SEE Kft. operates a manufacturing facility in Lenti, Hungary. The site produces both extruded and pressed ceramic roof tiles, serving the construction markets across Europe. The company focuses on industrial efficiency and the production of durable clay building materials within the group's regional production network.
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | Extruded clay roof tile |
|---|---|
| Product identification | Standard extruded clay roofing tiles and accessories produced by swisspor Hungary SEE Kft., in various colors and shapes, including Profil, Rona, Classic, Casta, Austrian Biber, Hargita, Kerka and Taston brands. |
| Product description | The product is used as sloped exterior roof cover. Harmonized technical specification: EN 1304:2005 The expected service life of our products (ESL – Estimated Service Life), taking into account the 50-year warranty ensured based on quality characteristics, the planned service life of building structures, and sector-specific reference data, can be estimated at 100 years, provided proper installation and use as intended. Product- and management system related certifications: ISO 9001 ISO 14001 ISO 45001 ISO 50001 |
| Product information from external sources | https://www.swissporton.com/products/clay-roof-tiles |
| Technical purpose of product | The product is used as sloped exterior roof cover. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | Manufacturing starts with clay extraction activities located in the immediate vicinity of the Lenti plant. First the topsoil is removed and used as a recultivation material. Once the clay layers are exposed, the material is extracted using diesel-powered hydraulic excavators. The raw clay is then transported by heavy-duty trucks to on-site aging piles (depots), where it undergoes a natural homogenization process. Once in the factory, the process starts with the forming stage, where the clay is extruded into specific geometries before entering a controlled drying phase. This is followed by engobing, where mineral-based coatings are applied for color and surface protection. Finally, the tiles are fired within refractory (chamotte) cassettes to ensure structural integrity and prevent warping. Then, after quality checks, the finished tiles are packaged and stacked on wooden pallets for transport. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 2000 kg/m3 Volumetric mass density: 2000 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | Lenti I Cserépgyár utca 1. 8960 Lenti Hungary |
| UN CPC code | 3735. Non-refractory ceramic building bricks, flooring blocks, support or filler tiles, roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic construction goods |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| Geographical scope description | The product is manufactured in Hungary and sold in Europe. |
| Actual or technical lifespan | 100 year(s) |
Product images
Technical characteristics and performance
Technical performance
| Product name | Min. roof pitch | Useful length | Useful width | Weight / piece | Pieces/m2 | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category | Type category | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROFIL | 35° | 265-305 mm | 180 mm | 2.5 kg | 18.2-21 | ||||||
| RONA segment cut | 35° | 240-280 mm | 180 mm | 2.6 kg | 19.8-23.1 | ||||||
| RONA straight cut | 35° | 280-320 mm | 180 mm | 2.7 kg | 17.4-19.8 | ||||||
| KERKA segment cut | 35° | 265-305 mm | 180 mm | 2.5 kg | 18.2-21 | ||||||
| KERKA straight cut | 35° | 280-320 mm | 180 mm | 2.7 kg | 17.4-19.8 | ||||||
| CLASSIC round cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 180 mm | 1.8 kg | 33.6-38.3 | ||||||
| CLASSIC segment cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 180 mm | 1.9 kg | 33.6-38.3 | ||||||
| CLASSIC straight cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 180 mm | 1.9 kg | 33.6-38.3 | ||||||
| CLASSIC pointed cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 180 mm | 1.7 kg | 33.6-38.3 | ||||||
| CASTA round cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 170 mm | 2.1 kg | 35.7-40.6 | ||||||
| CASTA hexagonal cut | 30° | 145-165 mm | 170 mm | 2.1 kg | 35.7-40.6 | ||||||
| AUSTRIAN BIBER round cut | 30° | 155-175 mm | 200 mm | 2.2 kg | 28.6-32.3 | ||||||
| AUSTRIAN BIBER straight cut | 30° | 155-175 mm | 200 mm | 2.3 kg | 28.6-32.3 | ||||||
| TASTON | 90° | 110-150 mm | 400 mm | 2.0 kg | 16.7-22.8 |
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | Content declaration represents average product |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clay | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
Packaging materials
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wood and fibreboard | 3.3 | 0.33 | 1.4 |
| Plastic | 1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Total | 4.3 | 0.43 | 1.4 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | Extruded clay roof tile Mass: 1000 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database Other database ecoinvent 3.12 |
| LCA Software | OpenLCA 2.5.0 |
| Additional information about the underlying LCA-based information | openLCA 2.6.1 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | European Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023. |
| Technology description including background system | Product and Composition The products are durable extruded and pressed ceramic roof tiles manufactured primarily from natural clay (approx. 99% by mass), with minor additions of engobe for coloring and gypsum for molding. Manufacturing Process (A1–A3) Production begins with local open-pit clay extraction at the Lenti site (A1). The raw clay is homogenized, shaped via extrusion or mechanical pressing, and fired in natural gas-fueled kilns (A3). LCA data is based on independent mass and energy balances for each production line, with energy and water use averaged over a full year to account for seasonal variations. Construction and Use (A4–B7) Tiles are transported to sites via 16–32t trucks (A4). Installation (A5) assumes a 2% wastage rate and manual application on timber frameworks. Given the extreme longevity and inert nature of fired clay, the use stage (B1–B7) requires no material or energy inputs and is excluded. End-of-Life (C1–D) At the end of the service life, tiles are manually removed (C1) and transported 80 km (C2) for mechanical crushing (C3) and landfilling (C4). Although the crushed ceramic is 100% recyclable as secondary aggregate, no environmental benefits are claimed in Module D to maintain a conservative assessment. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | Primary data are collected by the EPD owner for the year 2025. The amount of energy carriers and raw materials used are measured using standard meters and scales. Cross-checks concerning the plausibility of mass and energy flows are carried out on the data. There is no poor or very poor quality data used. |
|---|
Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clay extraction and manufacturing | Collected data, database | EPD owner | 2025 | Primary data | 71% |
| Raw materials other than clay | Collected data, database | EPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.12 | 2025 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Downstream transport and construction | Collected data, database | EPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.12 | 2025 | Secondary data | 0% |
| End-of-life treatment | Collected data, database | EPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.12 | 2025 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 71% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
| Comment on the data sources and other information in the table | Since the largest contributor to the environmental impacts is natural gas combustion during manufacturing, of which primary data is used, therefore data quality is excellent. |
|---|
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 19.01% |
| Wind | 0% | |
| Solar | 0% | |
| Biomass | 0% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 39.06% | |
| Natural gas | 23.39% | |
| Coal | 16.15% | |
| Oil | 2.39% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 0% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.4 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Europe | Europe | Hungary | Europe | Europe | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 71% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Default scenario |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | Tiles are transported to sites via 16–32t trucks (A4). Installation (A5) assumes a 2% wastage rate and manual application on timber frameworks. Given the extreme longevity and inert nature of fired clay, the use stage (B1–B7) requires no material or energy inputs and is excluded. At the end of the service life, tiles are manually removed (C1) and transported 25 km (C2) for mechanical crushing (C3) and landfilling (C4). Crushed waste tiles is 100% recyclable as secondary aggregate, thus environmental benefits from the replacement of gravel are claimed in Module D. |
Module A4: Transport to the building site
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4 | Road transport to site |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A4 | 420 km road transport via crane trucks and lorries |
| Description of the default scenario in module A4 | Detailed transport distances are collected by the EPD owner along with average loads per transport mode. All of the products are transported on road by trucks, mostly by self-loading trucks (crane trucks) and the rest by normal lorries. Gross average load is 22.3 metric tonne per delivery which includes packaging materials. There are also negligible amount of small parcel delivery using courier service. Based on the average, 420 t km average transport has been calculated and modeled with ecoinvent process “market for transport, freight, lorry, 16-32 metric ton, diesel, EURO 5, RER”. |
Module A5: Installation in the building
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5 | Construction |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A5 | 2% wastage rate and zero energy use is assumed |
| Description of the default scenario in module A5 | Installation (A5) assumes a 2% wastage rate and manual application on timber frameworks. |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | Recycling as aggregate |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | Manual removal, 25 km transport & crushing using 3.3kWh/t diesel |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | The end-of-life stage (Modules C1–C4) assumes manual product removal with zero environmental impact (C1). Waste transport (C2) is modeled as an 25 km road journey using a 16–32 tonne EURO 5 lorry. Waste processing (C3) involves loading and mechanical crushing using 3.3 kWh of diesel per tonne modeled using global ecoinvent dataset for diesel-powered machinery. |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | 100% recycling |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Recycling as backfilling material |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | Since the product can be recycled as backfilling material, is is assumed that it replaces an equivalent amount of gravel on the market. Energy recovery of production and packaging wastes are assumed to be negligible, thus excluded from the analysis. |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 2.63E+2 | 7.99E+1 | 7.01E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.77E+0 | 1.20E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -1.83E-2 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 2.64E+2 | 7.98E+1 | 7.04E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.76E+0 | 1.20E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -1.83E-2 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | -1.66E+0 | 5.09E-2 | -3.22E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.04E-3 | 1.95E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -2.40E-5 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 2.26E-2 | 2.57E-2 | 1.02E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.53E-3 | 1.21E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -1.40E-5 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 1.56E-5 | 1.80E-6 | 3.52E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.08E-7 | 1.84E-8 | 0.00E+0 | -2.06E-10 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 4.79E-1 | 2.50E-1 | 1.53E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.49E-2 | 1.07E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.09E-4 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 6.45E-2 | 5.54E-3 | 1.41E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.30E-4 | 3.84E-5 | 0.00E+0 | -4.52E-6 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 1.65E-1 | 8.73E-2 | 5.32E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.21E-3 | 5.00E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -3.25E-5 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 1.62E+0 | 9.47E-1 | 5.43E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.65E-2 | 5.47E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -3.71E-4 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 6.72E-1 | 3.96E-1 | 2.24E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.36E-2 | 1.64E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.13E-4 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 1.34E-4 | 2.78E-4 | 8.70E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.66E-5 | 4.44E-7 | 0.00E+0 | -9.55E-8 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 4.48E+3 | 1.13E+3 | 1.14E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.71E+1 | 1.55E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -2.40E-1 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.47E+1 | 5.86E+0 | 4.32E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.49E-1 | 3.89E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.59E-2 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 2.64E+2 | 7.99E+1 | 7.05E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.76E+0 | 1.20E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -1.83E-2 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 3.20E-5 | 6.37E-6 | 7.85E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.80E-7 | 3.05E-7 | 0.00E+0 | -1.77E-9 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 3.06E+1 | 1.29E+0 | 6.40E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 7.67E-2 | 6.49E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.08E-3 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 3.32E+2 | 1.67E+2 | 1.03E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 9.95E+0 | 1.57E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -6.03E-2 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 3.26E-8 | 1.30E-8 | 9.37E-10 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 7.77E-10 | 1.15E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 6.45E-7 | 6.84E-7 | 2.77E-8 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.08E-8 | 2.05E-9 | 0.00E+0 | -1.55E-10 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 2.01E+2 | 6.69E+2 | 1.90E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.99E+1 | 1.07E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -1.86E-1 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 1.11E+2 | 1.85E+1 | 2.62E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.10E+0 | 9.73E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.46E-2 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 1.11E+2 | 1.85E+1 | 2.62E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.10E+0 | 9.73E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.46E-2 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 4.48E+3 | 1.13E+3 | 1.14E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.72E+1 | 1.55E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -2.40E-1 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 4.48E+3 | 1.13E+3 | 1.14E+2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.72E+1 | 1.55E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -2.40E-1 |
| SM | kg | 3.09E+0 | 1.09E+0 | 8.57E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.51E-2 | 8.82E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -4.89E-4 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 6.08E-1 | 2.55E-1 | 1.77E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.52E-2 | 8.96E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -1.31E-4 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 4.15E-1 | 1.33E-1 | 1.14E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 7.95E-3 | 9.33E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -3.67E-4 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 5.72E+0 | 6.88E+0 | 2.65E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.10E-1 | 5.05E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -3.62E-3 |
| NHWD | kg | 3.63E+2 | 9.04E+1 | 1.08E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.39E+0 | 2.51E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -3.23E-2 |
| RWD | kg | 7.26E-3 | 3.11E-4 | 1.52E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.86E-5 | 1.52E-6 | 0.00E+0 | -2.60E-7 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 1.60E+0 | 1.01E+0 | 5.40E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.00E-2 | 7.50E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -4.17E-4 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 3.38E-1 | 2.08E-1 | 1.13E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.24E-2 | 7.24E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -1.25E-4 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 1.39E-1 | 2.64E-1 | 8.50E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.58E-2 | 3.44E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -3.68E-5 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Additional environmental information
As part of the swisspor Group, swisspor Hungary SEE Kft. (operating under the swissporTON brand) integrates Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles into its operations and long-term business approach.
The company focuses on improving energy efficiency in production, optimizing the use of raw materials, increasing recycled content where technically feasible, and supporting resource-efficient construction solutions. Industrial activities, including raw material sourcing in quarries, are carried out in compliance with applicable legal and environmental requirements, with consideration for biodiversity protection and responsible land use.
The company is also gradually expanding the use of life cycle assessment methodologies and Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) in accordance with relevant European standards.
Additional social and economic information
As part of the swisspor Group, swisspor Hungary SEE Kft. contributes to regional economic stability through its industrial hub in Lenti, supporting both direct employment and a broader supply chain across fourteen countries.
The company prioritizes a safe and inclusive working environment by adhering to group-wide social principles, which include protecting employee well-being, providing fair labor conditions, and fostering professional development through training and apprenticeships.
As a member of the swisspor Group, the company aligns with international standards such as the UN Global Compact, ensuring ethical business practices, transparency, and a zero-tolerance policy toward discrimination.
Information related to EPDs of multiple products
| Description of how the averages have been determined | The Lenti factory manufactures extruded and pressed ceramic products from shared raw materials, in various geometries and accessory tiles within the system boundary. Mass and energy balances were established independently for each production line through metering, while shared processes were allocated based on total production mass. Since all products originate from a single site, no multi-site averaging was required. Production data is averaged over a full year to account for seasonal variations in energy and water use. |
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Abbreviations
Not applicable
References
European Committee for Standardization, "EN 15804+A2:2019/AC:2021: Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products, 2021," CEN-CENELEC Management Centre, Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels, 18 August 2021.
The International EPD® System, "General Programme Instructions of the International EPD® System. Version 5.0.1," 2025-02-27.
The International EPD® System, "Product Category Rules (PCR) for Construction Products (PCR 2019:14 version 2.0.1, date 2025-06-05)".
European Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023.
International Standardization Organisation, ISO 15941:2024 Sustainability of construction works. Data quality for environmental assessment of products and construction work. Selection and use of data, 2024.
Version history
Version 001, 2026-06-25: Original version of the EPD