EPD-IES-0030965:001
Mortars Line
General information
| EPD Owner | Diasen Srl |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0030965:001 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on worst-case results |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-06-18 |
| Validity date | 2031-06-17 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Global |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
|---|---|
| Third-party verifier | Certiquality Srl |
| Accredited by | Accredia |
| Accredited certification body address | Italy |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Diasen Srl |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Giulia Mengotti |
| Contact person e-mail | giulia.mengotti@diasen.com |
| Organisation address | Zona industriale Berbentina, 5, 60041 - Sassoferrato (AN) - Italy 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| LCA Practitioner | Roberto Petrucci, roberto.petrucci@unipg.it |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Diasen is an Italian company operating in the architecture and sustainable building materials sector, committed to developing biophilic solutions and systems that foster more balanced and mutually beneficial relationships between humans and nature, and between built environments and living cycles. Its solutions address needs for comfort and aesthetic quality—such as thermal and acoustic insulation, surface protection, and spatial enhancement—and are designed for public construction, private architecture, and design, with particular attention to how materials interact over time with environmental factors. The company’s activities are guided by compliance with environmental regulations and by a structured approach aimed at identifying, monitoring, and reducing impacts. Since 2007, Diasen has adopted a certified Environmental Management System in accordance with ISO 14001:2015, alongside ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 standards. Diasen is also a certified B Corp®, demonstrating a commitment verified by independent third parties that attest to its social and environmental responsibility. More than 40 products have undergone LEED®, WELL®, and BREEAM® mapping to support their integration into sustainable building protocols and advanced, high-performance architectural frameworks. Operational practices include monitoring material flows to limit waste generation and increase recovery where technically feasible. Research and Development (R&D) focuses on integrating raw materials derived from industrial by-products and recoverable streams, prioritizing durability and long-term resource efficiency—key indicators of quality in relation to market outputs. Product and solution development is oriented toward improving thermal performance and reducing building energy demand. At the same time, the company places strong emphasis on indoor environmental quality and on the long-term interaction between materials, people, and ecosystems, as these aspects are integral to its mission: creating authentic spaces and environments that support human well-being, combining both functional and experiential value.
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
Calce Storica
| Product name | Calce Storica |
|---|---|
| Product identification | - EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar |
| Product description | High–compatibility, single–component structural mortar formulated with natural hydraulic lime (NHL 5), hydrated lime, and selected mineral aggregates. Specifically engineered for the consolidation and regeneration of historical and traditional masonry, this cement–free matrix ensures maximum chemical–physical affinity with pre–industrial building materials without altering the hygrothermal balance of the structure. It actively prevents the release of water–soluble salts, inhibiting efflorescence and guaranteeing the long–term durability of the restoration. |
| Technical purpose of product | The products belonging to the Mortars Line are high-performance technical mortars designed for structural restoration, masonry consolidation, and substrates preparation in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include structural and seismic reinforcement for concrete and traditional masonry, mitigation of linear thermal bridges to enhance overall energy efficiency, and substrate regularization with advanced dehumidifying and sacrificial anti-salt barriers. Engineered for high breathability, thixotropic reliability, and compatibility with historical building materials, they are intended for both interior and exterior applications to restore and ensure long-term building durability and stability. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Mortars Line is a batch (discontinuous) process where all components are mechanically blended inside the facility. Raw materials are received and stored in dedicated silos, big bags, or unpackaged bulk containers. Depending on the product formula, a specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage before being added to the mixer. Once mixed, the final dry mix is packaged in paper and plastic-based bags , palletized on wooden Euro-pallets, and secured with a protective polymer hooding film. Quality control is strictly performed both during production and prior to shipment. The manufacturing process requires no water and operates virtually as a closed-loop system, generating no scraps or waste, as most of the residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1450 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 2.5 MPa
Thermal conductivity: 0.124 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 1450 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 2.5 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.124 W/m.K |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL ZONA INDUSTRIALE BERBENTINA 5 60041 SASSOFERRATO Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Thermo M10
| Product name | Thermo M10 |
|---|---|
| Product identification | - EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar. |
| Product description | Low–density, thermal–insulating cementitious mortar designed as an energy interface for high–performance technical masonry. This lightweight matrix combines high mechanical reliability with advanced thermal properties, making it the ideal solution for both consolidation and new construction in seismic zones. Specifically developed for laying masonry blocks, it actively mitigates linear thermal bridging, enhancing the overall insulating homogeneity of the building envelope. Perfect for both new sustainable architecture and the retrofitting of existing buildings. |
| Technical purpose of product | The products belonging to the Mortars Line are high-performance technical mortars designed for structural restoration, masonry consolidation, and substrates preparation in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include structural and seismic reinforcement for concrete and traditional masonry, mitigation of linear thermal bridges to enhance overall energy efficiency, and substrate regularization with advanced dehumidifying and sacrificial anti-salt barriers. Engineered for high breathability, thixotropic reliability, and compatibility with historical building materials, they are intended for both interior and exterior applications to restore and ensure long-term building durability and stability. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Mortars Line is a batch (discontinuous) process where all components are mechanically blended inside the facility. Raw materials are received and stored in dedicated silos, big bags, or unpackaged bulk containers. Depending on the product formula, a specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage before being added to the mixer. Once mixed, the final dry mix is packaged in paper and plastic-based bags , palletized on wooden Euro-pallets, and secured with a protective polymer hooding film. Quality control is strictly performed both during production and prior to shipment. The manufacturing process requires no water and operates virtually as a closed-loop system, generating no scraps or waste, as most of the residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1300 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity: 0.244 W/m.K
Compressive strength: 10 MPa Volumetric mass density: 1300 kg/m3 Thermal conductivity: 0.244 W/m.K Compressive strength: 10 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL ZONA INDUSTRIALE BERBENTINA 5 60041 SASSOFERRATO Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Rebuild 40 R4
| Product name | Rebuild 40 R4 |
|---|---|
| Product identification | - EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar |
| Product description | High–performance, pre–mixed single–component structural mortar with advanced thixotropic properties, engineered for the deep restoration of reinforced concrete in high–stress environments. Characterized by high compressive strength, it ensures excellent structural reinforcement and superior durability against carbonation and weathering. Ideal for interventions in seismic zones, it is formulated for precise vertical and overhead applications without sagging. Perfect for restoring edges, pillars, and beams, this mortar harmonizes rapid maintenance with long–term structural integrity, acting as a protective shield for steel reinforcement and overall envelope solidity. |
| Technical purpose of product | The products belonging to the Mortars Line are high-performance technical mortars designed for structural restoration, masonry consolidation, and substrates preparation in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include structural and seismic reinforcement for concrete and traditional masonry, mitigation of linear thermal bridges to enhance overall energy efficiency, and substrate regularization with advanced dehumidifying and sacrificial anti-salt barriers. Engineered for high breathability, thixotropic reliability, and compatibility with historical building materials, they are intended for both interior and exterior applications to restore and ensure long-term building durability and stability. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Mortars Line is a batch (discontinuous) process where all components are mechanically blended inside the facility. Raw materials are received and stored in dedicated silos, big bags, or unpackaged bulk containers. Depending on the product formula, a specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage before being added to the mixer. Once mixed, the final dry mix is packaged in paper and plastic-based bags , palletized on wooden Euro-pallets, and secured with a protective polymer hooding film. Quality control is strictly performed both during production and prior to shipment. The manufacturing process requires no water and operates virtually as a closed-loop system, generating no scraps or waste, as most of the residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1950 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 45 MPa Volumetric mass density: 1950 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 45 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL ZONA INDUSTRIALE BERBENTINA 5 60041 SASSOFERRATO Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Regularization
| Product name | Diathonite Regularization |
|---|---|
| Product identification | - EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar |
| Product description | Pre–mixed mortar based on natural hydrated lime and selected mineral aggregates, designed for the preparation of substrates degraded by dampness and for the application of dehumidifying systems. It ensures perfect mechanical bonding and acts as a sacrificial anti–salt barrier. Featuring high breathability and water vapour permeability, it hinders the migration of salt crystals to the surface, effectively preventing debonding and aesthetic degradation. |
| Technical purpose of product | The products belonging to the Mortars Line are high-performance technical mortars designed for structural restoration, masonry consolidation, and substrates preparation in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include structural and seismic reinforcement for concrete and traditional masonry, mitigation of linear thermal bridges to enhance overall energy efficiency, and substrate regularization with advanced dehumidifying and sacrificial anti-salt barriers. Engineered for high breathability, thixotropic reliability, and compatibility with historical building materials, they are intended for both interior and exterior applications to restore and ensure long-term building durability and stability. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Mortars Line is a batch (discontinuous) process where all components are mechanically blended inside the facility. Raw materials are received and stored in dedicated silos, big bags, or unpackaged bulk containers. Depending on the product formula, a specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage before being added to the mixer. Once mixed, the final dry mix is packaged in paper and plastic-based bags , palletized on wooden Euro-pallets, and secured with a protective polymer hooding film. Quality control is strictly performed both during production and prior to shipment. The manufacturing process requires no water and operates virtually as a closed-loop system, generating no scraps or waste, as most of the residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1230 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 4.3 MPa Volumetric mass density: 1230 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 4.3 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL ZONA INDUSTRIALE BERBENTINA 5 60041 SASSOFERRATO Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Technical characteristics and performance
Technical performance
| Product name | Category | Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) | Compression Strength (N/mm²) | Compression Modulus | Flexural Strength (N/mm²) | Adhesion (N/mm²) | Specific Weight (kg/m³) | CI Content (%) | Fire Reaction | Type category | Type category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calce Storica | Structural Mortar | < 0.124 | M2.5 | N/D | 5.66 | ≥ 0.10 - FP:B | 1450±20 | 0.004 | N/D | ||
| Thermo M10 | Thermal–insulating Cementitious Mortar | 0.244 | M10 | N/D | N/D | N/D | 1300±30 | N/D | Class A1 | ||
| Rebuild40 R4 | Structural Mortar | N/D | M45 | >20 | ≥ 1.50 - FP:B | N/D | 1950±50 | 0.002 | N/D | ||
| Diathonite Regularization | Pre–mixed Mortar | N/D | 4.30 | N/D | N/D | 0.258 - type C failure | 1230±123 | 0.35 | Class A1 |
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | The content declaration in this multi-product EPD represents a conservative formulation designed to reflect the worst-case scenario among the products included in the Mortars Line. This ensures that the environmental impacts declared represent the upper limit for all variations within the product group. |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perlite | 0.0218 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Binder | 0.379 | 0 | 0 | 0.00000003 |
| Organic Additives | 0.0037 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Inorganic Additives | 0.0096 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Calcium Carbonate | 0.586 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1.0001 | 0 | 0 | 0.00000003 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
Packaging materials
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wood | 0.0193 | 1.94 | 0.00758 |
| Paper/PE Box | 0.00864 | 0.865 | 0.00259 |
| LDPE Film | 0.000308 | 0.0305 | 0 |
| Total | 0.028248 | 2.8355 | 0.01017 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | Calce Storica Mass: 1 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database |
| LCA Software | SimaPro 10.3 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | EN 15804. VERSION: EF 3.1 |
| Technology description including background system | The products considered are high-performance premixed technical and structural mortars belonging to the Mortars Line (Calce Storica, Thermo M10, Rebuild 40 R4, and Diathonite Regularization). This multi-product EPD reflects a conservative worst-case scenario formulation among the product variations. The products mainly consist of calcium carbonate (0.468 to 0.704 kg/kg), cement (0.00 to 0.407 kg/kg), hydraulic lime (0.00 to 0.273 kg/kg), and hydrated lime (7.00∙10 to $7.58\times10^{-2}\text{ kg/kg}$). The manufacturing process is an industrial batch blending operation that requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system, generating no scraps or waste. Manufacturing operations are powered by an electricity mix composed of $19.10\%$ self-produced solar energy from a proprietary photovoltaic plant and $80.90\%$ from the national grid (modelled via the Italian Residual Mix). The LCA background system relies on the Ecoinvent 3.11 database and SimaPro 10.3.0 software , covering a 'Cradle-to-gate' boundary (Modules A1-A3). |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | 2025, no data with poor or very poor quality used in the analysis. |
|---|
Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing of product | Collected data | EPD owner | 2025 | Primary data | 0% |
| Generation of electricity used in manufacturing of product | Collected data and Database | EPD Owner and AIB Residual Mix | 2025 | Primary data | 37.4% |
| Input Raw materials | Collected data | EPD Owner Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2025 | Primary data, Secondary Data | 0% |
| Other processes | Database | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2025 | Secondary Data | 0% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 37.4% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 1.2% |
| Wind | 0.39% | |
| Solar | 7.14% | |
| Biomass | 0.75% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 4.73% | |
| Natural gas | 44.69% | |
| Coal | 0.09% | |
| Oil | 6.6% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 0% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 18.75 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | d) Cradle to gate (A1-A3). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Global | Global | Italy | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 37.4% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 10% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Cradle-to-Gate |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | The system boundary of this EPD follows a 'Cradle-to-gate' approach, exclusively covering the product stage, which includes raw material supply (Module A1), transport to the manufacturing facility (Module A2), and manufacturing operations (Module A3). The construction stage (Modules A4-A5), use stage (Modules B1-B7), end-of-life stage (Modules C1-C4), and benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (Module D) are omitted and not declared. |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 7.30E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 7.30E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | 3.61E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 2.32E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 9.39E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 2.70E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.46E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 5.59E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 6.12E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 2.24E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 6.41E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 8.04E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.20E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 6.70E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 2.41E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 2.12E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 3.98E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 2.78E-10 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 6.25E-9 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 5.97E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 1.17E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 1.17E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 7.77E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 2.37E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 8.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| SM | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 2.18E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| FW | m3 | 1.20E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| NHWD | kg | 1.78E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| RWD | kg | 5.53E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
Abbreviations
Not Applicable
References
[1]. General Programme Instructions For The International Epd System - Version 5.0.1 2025-02-27;
[2]. Product Category Rules (PCR) - Construction Products PCR 2019:14 - Version 2.0.1;
[3]. ISO 14025:2010 - Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations – Principles and procedures;
[4]. ISO 14040:2021 - Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework;
[5]. ISO 14044:2021 - Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines;
[6]. ISO 15804:2021 - Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products;
[7]. ISO 15942:2021 - Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Communication format business-to-business;
[8]. ISO 14020:2023 - Environmental labels and declarations — General principles;
[9]. Sito web: https://www.enel.it/content/dam/enel-it/documenti-supporto/mercatolibero-luce/Tabella%20Mix%20Energetico%20Enel%20Energia.pdf
[10]. L. Dalhgren, H. Stripple, “A comparative Study of Various Concept for Shopping Bags and Cements Sacks”. Study commissioned by Billerud Korsnäs AB. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute 2016. Report Number: U5732;
[11]. Association of Issuing Bodies, “European Residual Mixes Results of the calculation of Residual Mixes for the calendar year 2023”. Version 1.0, 2024-05-30;
[12]. P. Guo, W. Meng, J. Du, L. Stevenson, B. Han, Y. Bao, “Lightweight ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with expanded glass aggregate: Development, characterization, and life-cycle assessment”. Construction and Building Materials 371 (2023);
[13]. E.Battiston, F.Carollo, G.Tameni, E. Bernardo, A.Mazzi, “Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial Glass Cullet Recycling Process Based on Alkaline Activation”. Ceramics2025;8,09;
[14]. G. Manthos, D.Zagklis, C.Georgopoulos, C.Zafiri, M.Kornaros, “Life Cycle Assessment of Waste Glass Geopolymerization for the Production of Sustainable Construction Materials” Processes 2025, 13, 331;
[15]. CONAI, “Relazione Generale Consuntiva 2024”. (2025);
[16]. ISPRA, “Rapporto Rifiuti Speciali” – Edizione 2025;
[17]. R.N. Pereira, I. Malico, P. Mesquita, A.M.O. Sousa, A.C Goncalves, “Energy use of cork residues in the Portuguese cork industry”. Conference Paper · October 2017.
Version history
Version 001, 2026-06-18
- Original version of the EPD