EPD-IES-0030959:002
Diathonite Line
General information
| EPD Owner | Diasen Srl |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0030959:002 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on worst-case results |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-06-18 |
| Validity date | 2031-06-17 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Global |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
|---|---|
| Third-party verifier | Certiquality Srl |
| Accredited by | Accredia |
| Accredited certification body address | Italy |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Diasen Srl |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Giulia Mengotti |
| Contact person e-mail | giulia.mengotti@diasen.com |
| Organisation address | Zona industriale Berbentina, 5, 60041 - Sassoferrato (AN) - Italy 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| LCA Practitioner | Roberto Petrucci, roberto.petrucci@unipg.it |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Diasen is an Italian company operating in the architecture and sustainable building materials sector, committed to developing biophilic solutions and systems that foster more balanced and mutually beneficial relationships between humans and nature, and between built environments and living cycles. Its solutions address needs for comfort and aesthetic quality—such as thermal and acoustic insulation, surface protection, and spatial enhancement—and are designed for public construction, private architecture, and design, with particular attention to how materials interact over time with environmental factors. The company’s activities are guided by compliance with environmental regulations and by a structured approach aimed at identifying, monitoring, and reducing impacts. Since 2007, Diasen has adopted a certified Environmental Management System in accordance with ISO 14001:2015, alongside ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 standards. Diasen is also a certified B Corp®, demonstrating a commitment verified by independent third parties that attest to its social and environmental responsibility. More than 40 products have undergone LEED®, WELL®, and BREEAM® mapping to support their integration into sustainable building protocols and advanced, high-performance architectural frameworks. Operational practices include monitoring material flows to limit waste generation and increase recovery where technically feasible. Research and Development (R&D) focuses on integrating raw materials derived from industrial by-products and recoverable streams, prioritizing durability and long-term resource efficiency—key indicators of quality in relation to market outputs. Product and solution development is oriented toward improving thermal performance and reducing building energy demand. At the same time, the company places strong emphasis on indoor environmental quality and on the long-term interaction between materials, people, and ecosystems, as these aspects are integral to its mission: creating authentic spaces and environments that support human well-being, combining both functional and experiential value.
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
Diathonite Thermactive
| Product name | Diathonite Thermactive |
|---|---|
| Product identification | EN 998-1: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 1: Rendering and plastering mortar (e.g., for thermal, acoustic, and dehumidifying plasters). EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar (e.g., for structural or seismic reinforcement mortars). |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Diathonite Thermactive is a high-performance bio-EIFS blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), expanded silica, perlite, and pumice within a natural hydraulic lime (NHL 5) matrix. High-performance bio-EIFS blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), expanded silica, perlite, and pumice within a natural hydraulic lime (NHL 5) matrix. This monolithic thermal plaster provides a versatile, spray-applied shield against extreme temperatures while ensuring superior hygrometric comfort. Naturally bacteriostatic and non-combustible, it remains unaffected by humidity throughout its lifespan. A low-VOC, breathable solution for building protection, fully recyclable as an inert material. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Thermal conductivity: 0.035 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 250 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 2.5 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.035 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 250 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 2.5 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Evolution
| Product name | Diathonite Evolution |
|---|---|
| Product identification | EN 998-1: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 1: Rendering and plastering mortar (e.g., for thermal, acoustic, and dehumidifying plasters). EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar (e.g., for structural or seismic reinforcement mortars). |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Bio-based EIFS plaster blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, diatomaceous earth, and natural hydraulic lime (NHL 3.5). This highly breathable plaster regulates humidity, providing bacteriostatic and anti-mould protection. By merging cork’s thermal insulation with mineral heat inertia, it ensures year-round bioclimatic comfort. Non-combustible and low VOC, it is fully recyclable as an inert material at the end of its lifecycle. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Thermal conductivity: 0.045 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 360 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 2.2 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.045 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 360 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 2.2 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Thermostep.060
| Product name | Diathonite Thermostep.060 |
|---|---|
| Product identification | UNI EN 13813:2004: Screed material and floor screeds - Screed material - Properties and requirements. |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Lightweight thermal plaster for the insulation of floors and roofs, blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, and diatomaceous earth. This lightweight mineral compound provides high-performance floor and roof insulation without overstressing existing structures. Its natural porosity ensures superior breathability and hygrometric balance for both new builds and renovations. Non-combustible and low VOC, it bridges structural lightness with bioclimatic efficiency, remaining fully recyclable as an inert material. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Thermal conductivity: 0.06 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 800 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 10 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.06 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 800 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 10 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Acoustix+
| Product name | Diathonite Acoustix+ |
|---|---|
| Product identification | EN 998-1: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 1: Rendering and plastering mortar (e.g., for thermal, acoustic, and dehumidifying plasters). EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar (e.g., for structural or seismic reinforcement mortars). |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Bio-based, acoustic-active (NRC 0.75; αw = 0.75) plaster blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, and diatomaceous earth. It eliminates reverberation and echoes through its natural porosity. Highly breathable and bacteriostatic, it regulates indoor humidity while providing thermal inertia. Formulated with natural hydraulic binders, it is non-combustible, low VOC, and fully recyclable as an inert material, harmonizing acoustic comfort with environmental circularity. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Compressive strength: 4 MPa
Thermal conductivity: 0.075 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 400 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 4 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.075 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 400 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Deumix+
| Product name | Diathonite Deumix+ |
|---|---|
| Product identification | EN 998-1: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 1: Rendering and plastering mortar (e.g., for thermal, acoustic, and dehumidifying plasters). EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar (e.g., for structural or seismic reinforcement mortars). |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Bio-based, macroporous plaster combining recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, and natural hydraulic lime (NHL 5). Is engineered for capillary dehumidification and salt neutralization. Its internal porosity captures saline efflorescence while facilitating water evaporation, restoring the wall's health. Natural, non-combustible, and low VOC, it harmonizes structural durability with a healthy, moistur×10-regulated indoor microclimate and full end-of-life recyclability. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Thermal conductivity: 0.08 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 450 kg/m3
Compressive strength: 5 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.08 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 450 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 5 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Thermostep.047
| Product name | Diathonite Thermostep.047 |
|---|---|
| Product identification | UNI EN 13813:2004: Screed material and floor screeds - Screed material - Properties and requirements. |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). Lightweight thermal plaster for the insulation of floors and roofs, blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, and diatomaceous earth within a natural hydraulic lime (NHL 3.5) matrix. This lightweight compound is engineered for high-performance floor, balcony, and roof insulation, correcting thermal bridges without overstressing existing structures. It harmonizes structural durability with superior hygrometric balance and acoustic comfort. Non-combustible, low-VOC, and fully recyclable as an inert material at the end of its lifecycle. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 500 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity: 0.047 W/m.K
Compressive strength: 5 MPa Volumetric mass density: 500 kg/m3 Thermal conductivity: 0.047 W/m.K Compressive strength: 5 MPa |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Diathonite Sismactive
| Product name | Diathonite Sismactive |
|---|---|
| Product identification | EN 998-2: Specification for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Masonry mortar (e.g., for structural or seismic reinforcement mortars). |
| Product description | The products belonging to the Diathonite line are classified under the UN CPC Code: 37410 (Plasters). |
| Product information from external sources | Bio-based structural plaster blending recycled cork (0-3 mm), clay, and diatomaceous earth within a hydraulic binder. Engineered as a technical matrix for CRM systems, it provides seismic reinforcement and consolidation for masonry, vaults, and historical buildings. This breathable product harmonizes high mechanical resistance with thermal insulation, correcting bridges while ensuring hygrometric comfort. Non-combustible, low-VOC, and fully recyclable as an inert material. |
| Technical purpose of product | Diathonite products are cork-based thermal and acoustic insulating mortars. They are intended for both interior and exterior applications in residential, commercial, and historical buildings. Their primary technical functions include thermal insulation for energy efficiency, humidity regulation through high breathability, acoustic insulation, and sound absorption. They are designed for application on various substrates to improve building performance. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process of the Diathonite line is a batch (discontinuous) process. Raw materials are received and stored in silos, big bags, or dedicated containers. A specific bulk raw material undergoes a volume reduction process through a specialized milling stage prior to blending. All components are then mechanically mixed according to the product formula. The final dry mix is packaged in bags, palletized on wooden pallets, secured with a protective polymer hooding film, and stored as finished goods. Quality control is strictly performed throughout the process. The manufacturing line requires no water and operates as a closed-loop system: it generates no waste, and residual dust collected by the filtration system is recycled back into the production process. |
| Material properties | Compressive strength: 10 MPa
Thermal conductivity: 0.065 W/m.K
Volumetric mass density: 800 kg/m3 Compressive strength: 10 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.065 W/m.K Volumetric mass density: 800 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | DIASEN SRL Zona Industriale Berbentina 5 60041 Sassoferrato Italy |
| UN CPC code | 37410. Plasters |
| Geographical scope | Global |
Product images
Technical characteristics and performance
Technical performance
| Product name | Category | Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) | Compression Strength (N/mm²) | Fire reaction | Vapour permeability coefficient | Capillarity water absorption (kg/m2h0,5) | Adhesion (N/mm²) | Specific weight (kg/m³) | Chloride Content (Cl) | Total heavy metals | Test VOC - emissions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diathonite Thermactive | Thermal Plaster | 0.035 | M 2.80 | Class A1 | 3 | 1 | > 0,10 – FP:B | 250 ± 10 | 0.012 | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Evolution | Thermal Plaster | 0.045 | M 2.20 | Class A1 | 4 | 0,40 | > 0,10 – FP:B | 360 ± 20 | 0.011 | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Acoustix+ | Acoustic Plaster | 0.075 | M 4 | Class A1 | 4 | ND | ND:B | 400 ± 20 | ND | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Deumix+ | Dehumidification Plaster | 0.08 | M 5 | Class A1 | 4 | ND | > 0,20 – FP:B | 450 ± 10 | ND | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Thermostep.060 | Lightweight Screed | 0.060 | M 10 | Class A1 | 4 | ND | ND | 800 ± 80 | ND | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Sismactive | Seismic Plaster | 0.065 | M 10 | Class A1 | 5 | 0.30 | > 0,50 – FP:B | 800 ± 80 | 0.015 | Pass | low-VOC |
| Diathonite Thermostep.047 | Lightweight Screed | 0.047 | M 5 | Class A1 | 4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | Pass | low-VOC |
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | The content declaration in this multi-product EPD represents a conservative formulation designed to reflect the worst-case scenario among the products included in the Diathonite line. This ensures that the environmental impacts declared represent the upper limit for all variations within the product group. |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cork | 0.1427 | 0 | 15.375 | 0.08335 |
| Clay | 0.074 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Perlite | 0.0678 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Binder | 0.66 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cellulose Fibre | 0.004 | 0 | 0.345 | 0.00158 |
| Organic Additives | 0.008 | 0 | 0.625 | 0.0033 |
| Inorganic Additives | 0.0115 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Calcium Carbonates | 0.009 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pumice | 0.023 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 16.345 | 0.08823 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
Packaging materials
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wood | 0.0239 | 2.39 | 0.005842 |
| Paper/PE Box | 0.00864 | 0.864 | 0.00259 |
| LDPE Film | 0.002009 | 0 | 0.00008195 |
| Total | 0.034549 | 3.254 | 0.00851395 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | Diathonite Mass: 1 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database |
| LCA Software | SimaPro 10.3 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | EN 15804. VERSION: EF 3.1 |
| Technology description including background system | The products considered are cork-based thermal, acoustic, dehumidifying, and structural mortars belonging to the Diathonite line. This multi-product EPD reflects a conservative worst-case scenario formulation among the product variations. The products mainly consist of granulated cork (7.72∙10ˉ² to 0.23 kg/kg), hydrated lime (0.318 to 0.431 kg/kg), and hydraulic lime (0.19 to 0.303 kg/kg). The manufacturing process is an industrial batch blending operation that requires no water and generates zero waste. Manufacturing operations are powered by an electricity mix composed of 19.10% self-produced solar energy and 80.90% from the national grid. The LCA background system relies on the Ecoinvent 3.11 database and SimaPro 10.3.0 software, covering a 'Cradle-to-gate with options' boundary (Modules A1-A3, C1-C3, and D). |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | 2025, no data with poor or very poor quality used in the analysis. |
|---|
Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing of product | Collected data | EPD owner | 2025 | Primary Data | 0% |
| Generation of electricity used in manufacturing of product | Collected data and Database | EPD Owner and AIB Residual Mix | 2025 | Primary data | 33.14% |
| Input Raw materials | Collected data | EPD Owner Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2025 | Primary data, Secondary data | 0% |
| Other processes | Databases | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2025 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 33.14% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 1.21% |
| Wind | 0.39% | |
| Solar | 7.14% | |
| Biomass | 0.75% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 4.73% | |
| Natural gas | 44.69% | |
| Coal | 0.09% | |
| Oil | 6.6% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 0% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.82 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | Yes, there is an excluded module, or there are excluded modules |
| Justification for the omission of modules | Cradle to gate (A1–A3) with the addition of Modules C1-C3 and Module D. Modules B1-B7 excluded |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Global | Global | Italy | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Global | Global | Global | Global | Global | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 33.42% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 47.17% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Cradle-to-gate |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | The system boundary of this EPD follows a 'Cradle-to-gate with options' approach, covering the product stage (Modules A1-A3), the end-of-life stage (Modules C1-C3), and the benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (Module D). Construction stage (A4-A5) and Use stage (B1-B7) modules are omitted. |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | Standard Scenario |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | Mixed scenario including material recovery and disposal according to PCR rules |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | The default end-of-life scenario is modelled in accordance with the standard scenarios provided by the core Product Category Rules (PCR 2019:14). After building deconstruction (Module C1), the generated mortar waste is transported to treatment facilities (Module C2). The scenario accounts for both the potential impacts of waste processing for material recycling (Module C3) and the impacts associated with final disposal or landfilling (Module C4), evaluated according to standard indicators. |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | Inert material reuse |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Benefits from the recycling of inert materials displacing virgin gravel aggregates |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | The net environmental benefits in Module D are calculated assuming that 100% of the inert waste generated during building deconstruction undergoes mechanical sorting and crushing. In accordance with the reference LCA study parameters, the recycled mortar achieves a 50% technical quality factor compared to primary materials, effectively displacing 0.60 kg of natural gravel per kg of product |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 9.10E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.79E-3 | 4.24E-3 | 1.80E-1 | 6.06E-4 | -6.50E-3 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 1.08E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.78E-3 | 4.24E-3 | 2.75E-3 | 6.06E-4 | -6.48E-3 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | -1.80E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.69E-6 | 9.71E-7 | 1.80E-1 | 5.90E-7 | -6.45E-6 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 5.17E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.93E-7 | 1.52E-6 | 5.12E-7 | 1.59E-7 | -6.70E-6 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 1.47E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.51E-11 | 9.27E-11 | 5.30E-11 | 8.81E-12 | -3.64E-11 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 3.25E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.53E-5 | 1.40E-5 | 2.11E-5 | 7.25E-6 | -4.87E-5 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.44E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.16E-7 | 2.99E-7 | 3.30E-7 | 3.46E-8 | -1.77E-6 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 6.61E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.03E-5 | 4.76E-6 | 8.50E-6 | 3.25E-6 | -1.42E-5 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 6.87E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.22E-4 | 5.18E-5 | 9.26E-5 | 3.55E-5 | -1.64E-4 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 2.66E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.23E-5 | 2.22E-5 | 2.71E-5 | 9.97E-6 | -4.85E-5 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 1.76E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.44E-8 | 1.19E-8 | 7.52E-9 | 2.30E-9 | -4.11E-8 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 9.87E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.97E-2 | 6.38E-2 | 4.10E-2 | 7.95E-3 | -9.20E-2 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.10E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.19E-4 | 2.82E-4 | 1.67E-4 | 1.90E-5 | -7.10E-3 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 8.20E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.78E-3 | 4.22E-3 | 2.72E-3 | 6.05E-4 | -6.42E-3 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 2.61E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8.84E-11 | 4.29E-10 | 8.32E-11 | 2.55E-11 | -8.47E-10 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 2.02E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.47E-5 | 6.94E-5 | 1.71E-4 | 7.10E-6 | -5.44E-4 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 5.33E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.24E-3 | 7.26E-3 | 5.47E-3 | 1.22E-3 | -2.50E-2 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 3.30E-10 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.55E-13 | 6.92E-13 | 5.48E-13 | 1.31E-13 | -3.14E-12 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 4.84E-9 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.39E-11 | 3.99E-11 | 1.71E-11 | 4.00E-12 | -7.39E-11 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 7.43E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.79E-3 | 6.23E-2 | 8.65E-3 | 1.09E-3 | -8.90E-2 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 2.45E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.79E-3 | 4.24E-3 | 4.90E-1 | 6.06E-4 | -5.03E-3 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 4.26E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -4.26E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 2.87E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.79E-3 | 4.24E-3 | -3.77E+0 | 6.06E-4 | -5.03E-3 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 9.53E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.14E-2 | 6.59E-2 | 4.18E-2 | 8.22E-3 | -8.37E-2 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 3.10E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 9.79E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.14E-2 | 6.59E-2 | 4.18E-2 | 8.22E-3 | -8.37E-2 |
| SM | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 5.96E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.03E-7 | 3.21E-6 | 2.65E-7 | 6.45E-8 | -4.64E-6 |
| FW | m3 | 1.50E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.20E-4 | 2.82E-4 | 1.70E-4 | 1.92E-5 | -7.11E-3 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NHWD | kg | 2.02E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RWD | kg | 5.25E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.07E-9 | 1.70E-8 | 4.82E-8 | 1.75E-9 | 1.32E-7 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 6.00E-1 |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Abbreviations
Not Applicable
References
[1]. General Programme Instructions For The International Epd System - Version 5.0.1 2025-02-27;
[2]. Product Category Rules (PCR) - Construction Products PCR 2019:14 - Version 2.0.1;
[3]. ISO 14025:2010 - Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations – Principles and procedures;
[4]. ISO 14040:2021 - Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework;
[5]. ISO 14044:2021 - Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines;
[6]. ISO 15804:2021 - Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products;
[7]. ISO 15942:2021 - Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Communication format business-to-business;
[8]. ISO 14020:2023 - Environmental labels and declarations — General principles;
[9]. Sito web: https://www.enel.it/content/dam/enel-it/documenti-supporto/mercatolibero-luce/Tabella%20Mix%20Energetico%20Enel%20Energia.pdf
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[12]. P. Guo, W. Meng, J. Du, L. Stevenson, B. Han, Y. Bao, “Lightweight ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with expanded glass aggregate: Development, characterization, and life-cycle assessment”. Construction and Building Materials 371 (2023);
[13]. E.Battiston, F.Carollo, G.Tameni, E. Bernardo, A.Mazzi, “Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial Glass Cullet Recycling Process Based on Alkaline Activation”. Ceramics2025;8,09;
[14]. G. Manthos, D.Zagklis, C.Georgopoulos, C.Zafiri, M.Kornaros, “Life Cycle Assessment of Waste Glass Geopolymerization for the Production of Sustainable Construction Materials” Processes 2025, 13, 331;
[15]. CONAI, “Relazione Generale Consuntiva 2024”. (2025);
[16]. ISPRA, “Rapporto Rifiuti Speciali” – Edizione 2025;
[17]. R.N. Pereira, I. Malico, P. Mesquita, A.M.O. Sousa, A.C Goncalves, “Energy use of cork residues in the Portuguese cork industry”. Conference Paper · October 2017.
Version history
Version 001, 2026-06-18
- Original version of the EPD