EPD-IES-0028913:001
External venetian blind chain system
The products are solar shading systems made of profiled or extruded aluminum slats, designed to regulate solar radiation and natural light inside indoor environments.
Their main function is to improve the building’s energy performance and indoor comfort: in summer they limit direct solar gains, while in winter they allow a controlled intake of light and heat.
Thanks to adjustable slats, the system enables the modulation of ventilation, lighting, and privacy.
General information
| EPD Owner | LUPAK METAL S.R.L. |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0028913:001 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on a representative product |
| Status | Valid |
| Version date | 2026-05-25 |
| Validity date | 2031-05-25 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
|---|---|
| Third-party verifier | IMQ S.p.A. |
| Accredited by | Accredia |
| Accredited certification body address | Italy |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | LUPAK METAL S.R.L. |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | ANNALISA TOMBA |
| Contact person e-mail | a.tomba@lupakmetal.com |
| Organisation address | Via Granarolo, 77 48018 Faenza Italy |
| LCA Practitioner | Valentina Giorgetti, v.giorgetti@orizonformazione.it |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Lupak Metal SRL is an Italian company founded in 2012, specialising in the design, research, development and production of solar shading systems made of profiled and extruded aluminium, intended for the building and architectural sectors. Its solar shading systems—including fixed-blade and chain-operated brise-soleil—offer customisable solutions for natural light control, energy efficiency and indoor environmental comfort. The company is rooted in solid experience in the field of technical shading systems and stands out for innovation, careful material selection and adaptability to the design requirements of high energy-performance buildings, including PASSIVHAUS applications. Its activities are strongly oriented towards energy efficiency and product sustainability, supported by continuous investments in research and development.
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | External venetian blind chain system |
|---|---|
| Product identification | External venetian blind chain system |
| Product description | The products are solar shading systems made of profiled or extruded aluminum slats, designed to regulate solar radiation and natural light inside indoor environments. Their main function is to improve the building’s energy performance and indoor comfort: in summer they limit direct solar gains, while in winter they allow a controlled intake of light and heat. Thanks to adjustable slats, the system enables the modulation of ventilation, lighting, and privacy. |
| Technical purpose of product | The system is engineered to fulfill the following main functions: - Solar radiation control: Shading of solar rays to improve the building’s energy performance. - Natural light control: Modulation of indoor lighting and visual comfort through the adjustable orientation of the slats. - Thermal comfort: In summer, it limits direct heat gains, while in winter it promotes a controlled intake of solar heat. - Privacy and ventilation: The adjustable slats allow for the management of natural air exchange and indoor privacy. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The entire production cycle (Module A3) takes place at the manufacturing facility located in Italy. The process is organized into mechanical assembly lines that transform pre-fabricated components into finished solar shading systems. The production cycle for the venetian blind / external shading product family includes the following sequential steps: - Headrail assembly: integration of upper structural components. - Guides and mechanical system assembly: preparation of sliding systems and slat orientation mechanisms. - Specific processing (90 mm model): for the representative product, the process includes dedicated steps such as end-profile cutting and technical rubber sealing application. - Packaging: finished products are protected using LDPE plastic film, cardboard boxes, and wooden |
| Material properties | Coverage area: 1 m2/l
Area density: 0 kg/m2
Thickness: 0 m Coverage area: 1 m2/l Area density: 0 kg/m2 Thickness: 0 m |
| Manufacturing site | Lupak Metal srl Via Granarolo 77 48018 Faenza (RA) Italy |
| UN CPC code | 42120. Doors, windows and their frames and thresholds for doors, of iron, steel or aluminium |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
Product images
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | The EPD covers multiple products (LUME, LUME ESSE, LUME LIGHT) The EPD is based on a representative product (LUME LIGHT) |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium extruded | 0.36 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Steel | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electric motor | 0.16 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Zamak (zinc-aluminium alloy) | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aluminium | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Polyoxymethylene (POM) | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Galvanized steel | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
Packaging materials
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plastic film | 0.0003 | 1 | 0 |
| Corrugated board box | 0.054 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 0.0543 | 2 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | External venetian blind Area: 1 m2 |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.10 database |
| LCA Software | SimaPro 10.1 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | EN 15804 + A2 (adapted) |
| Technology description including background system | The product system includes the production of flush-mounted retractable solar shading systems through the assembly of the headbox, side guides, and mechanical components, as well as cutting and technical rubber sealing of the terminal profile. The process also includes internal material handling, final product packaging (using cardboard, LDPE film, and wooden pallets), and the management of production waste, such as aluminum and steel scrap. Foreground processes cover all manufacturing stages carried out at the production site in Italy, including energy consumption (electricity drawn from the grid and partially self-generated via a photovoltaic system), natural gas used for heating, water consumption, and on-site waste treatment. Background processes include the production of raw materials (extruded and profiled aluminum, galvanized and stainless steel, zamak, and electric motors), the production of packaging materials, and the transportation of all inputs to the manufacturing site. These processes are modeled using secondary data from the Ecoinvent 3.11 database, in compliance with EN 15804 requirements. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | Primary data used for the core manufacturing processes refer to the reference year 2024 and are based on actual production data collected from the manufacturing site. Secondary data are sourced from recognised LCA databases compliant with EN 15804 (e.g. ecoinvent or equivalent), and refer to recent available datasets representative of European average or specific regional conditions. The data quality is considered good in terms of temporal, geographical, and technological representativeness. Primary data are fully representative of current production conditions, while secondary data reflect state-of-the-art background processes available in the selected LCA database. Data completeness and consistency are ensured according to EN 15804+A2 requirements. |
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Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw material | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.5% |
| Raw material transport | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 2.1% |
| Finished product packaging transport | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.1% |
| Electricity | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 8.7% |
| Gas | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 2.2% |
| Photovoltaic | Database | Ecoinvent 3, release 10.1.0.4 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.4% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 14% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Residual electricity mix on the market | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 0% |
| Wind | 0.43% | |
| Solar | 6.21% | |
| Biomass | 0.63% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 4.4% | |
| Natural gas | 58.22% | |
| Coal | 22.72% | |
| Oil | 3.76% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 3.62% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.64 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Europe | N/A | Global | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 13.9% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 50% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Construction, use (installation) and end-of-life scenario for venetian blind |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | The scenario covers the transport of venetian blind to the construction site (A4), their installation in building applications (A5), and the end-of-life treatment of the product (C), including transport, waste processing, and final disposal or recovery routes. |
Module A4: Transport to the building site
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4 | Transport to site |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A4 | Transport to site |
| Description of the default scenario in module A4 | To calculate the impacts of transporting the finished product to the installation site, transport by truck (Euro 5) or ship was considered. The destination countries for the venetian blinds are primarily Italy or Spain; therefore, a precise weighted average distance per market and transport mode was considered in this phase. |
| Module A4 information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Distance | 240 | km |
Capacity utilization (including empty returns) | 50 | % |
Volume capacity utilization factor (factor: =1 or <1 or ≥1 for compressed or nested packaged products) | <1 | Dimensionless |
| Vehicle type | Truck >32t | N/A |
| Fuel type | Diesel | N/A |
| Container ship | 48.3 | km |
Module A5: Installation in the building
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5 | Installation |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A5 | Installation |
| Description of the default scenario in module A5 | The installation phase involves a direct impact deriving from the use of electricity for drills (estimated at 0.013 kWh/kg). Since the venetian blinds are custom-made, no material waste is generated at the construction site. Additional accounted impacts derive from the disposal of finished product packaging (wood, cardboard, and plastic film), which is sent for treatment at this stage. |
| Module A5 information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity consumption during installation | 0.013 | kWh |
Module B6: Operational energy use
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B6 | Operational energy use |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module B6 | Operational energy use |
| Description of the default scenario in module B6 | Module B6 includes the electricity consumption required for the operation of the motorized sun shading system during its use phase. The system is equipped with a Somfy electric motor (model J418 HTM 18/24G1), whose technical and environmental data are derived from the corresponding Product Environmental Profile (PEP Ecopassport Ref. 1210132). Technical Parameters and Assumptions The energy consumption calculation is based on the following technical specifications provided by the manufacturer and validated in the LCA report: • Reference Service Life (RSL): 15 years (determined based on the operational lifetime of the electric motor). • Rated power in active mode: 155 W. • Estimated operating time: The motor activation time has been modelled to cover daily opening and closing cycles, corresponding to 0.22% of the total available time, equal to approximately 19.272 hours of operation over the 15-year product lifetime. • Total life cycle consumption: The motor operation results in a total electricity consumption of 44.8074 kWh per product unit. • Normalized data: When referred to the functional unit of 1 kg of sun shading system, the specific consumption is equal to 4.49 kWh/kg. Energy Modelling In accordance with EPD International rules for the use phase, electricity has been modelled using the national consumption mix (Italian consumption mix). The associated emissions refer exclusively to indirect electricity consumption, as the system does not generate direct emissions into the environment during normal operation. |
| Module B6 information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Power output of equipment | 4.5 | kWh |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | End-of-Life |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | End-of-Life |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | C1: for the demolition/deconstruction phase of the material, the use of a diesel-powered machine with a power of 1,1 kWh per tonne of material was considered, as indicated in table 4 of PCR 2019:14. C2: the distance for transport from the de-installation site to the waste treatment site was considered to be 130 km, as indicated in Table 4 of PCR 2019:14. C3-C4: for the waste treatment phase, different percentages of recycling and landfill disposal were considered, distinguishing them for Italy on the basis of data from technical literature. |
| Module C information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| % of recycling (steel) | 43.6 | % |
| % of recycling (aluminum) | 90 | % |
| Transport to recyling - distance | 130 | km |
Reference service life
| Description of the default scenario in reference service life | The product’s service life is based on the service life of the installed motor. |
|---|
| Reference service life information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Reference service life | 15 | year(s) |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | Benefits and loads |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Benefits and loads |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | In this phase of the life cycle, the benefit deriving from material recycling was considered, against the impact of the treatment of waste up to the state of secondary raw material. |
| Module D information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Avoided product from material recovery aluminum | 1.16 | kg |
| Avoided product from material recovery aluminum | 3.74 | kg |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 2.25E+1 | 4.68E-1 | 1.56E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.78E+0 | ND | 3.96E-3 | 2.51E-1 | 7.32E-3 | 8.18E-5 | -5.11E+1 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 2.26E+1 | 4.68E-1 | 8.36E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.40E+0 | ND | 3.96E-3 | 2.51E-1 | 6.99E-3 | 8.14E-5 | -5.11E+1 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | -2.85E-1 | 3.16E-4 | 1.48E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.80E-1 | ND | 4.32E-7 | 1.72E-4 | 3.29E-4 | 4.67E-7 | 1.80E-1 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 1.51E-1 | 1.54E-4 | 1.98E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8.35E-4 | ND | 3.43E-7 | 8.20E-5 | 1.00E-6 | 1.97E-8 | -1.45E-1 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 8.48E-7 | 9.28E-9 | 1.47E-9 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.01E-7 | ND | 6.05E-11 | 4.99E-9 | 1.37E-10 | 2.55E-12 | -2.50E-7 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 1.63E-1 | 1.59E-3 | 4.50E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.85E-2 | ND | 3.57E-5 | 7.85E-4 | 4.48E-5 | 8.97E-7 | -3.22E-1 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.48E-2 | 3.10E-5 | 1.48E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.81E-4 | ND | 1.16E-7 | 1.67E-5 | 9.44E-7 | 1.36E-7 | -1.40E-2 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 3.20E-2 | 5.24E-4 | 5.26E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.77E-3 | ND | 1.66E-5 | 2.65E-4 | 1.57E-5 | 2.24E-7 | -5.54E-2 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 3.37E-1 | 5.71E-3 | 1.36E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.02E-2 | ND | 1.81E-4 | 2.88E-3 | 1.72E-4 | 2.40E-6 | -5.72E-1 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 1.03E-1 | 2.38E-3 | 5.61E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.29E-2 | ND | 5.41E-5 | 1.23E-3 | 5.47E-5 | 8.79E-7 | -1.79E-1 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 4.06E-3 | 1.49E-6 | 6.28E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.51E-5 | ND | 1.41E-9 | 8.02E-7 | 4.89E-8 | 1.56E-10 | 2.34E-4 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 3.26E+2 | 6.56E+0 | 1.03E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.06E+1 | ND | 5.17E-2 | 3.52E+0 | 1.03E-1 | 1.89E-3 | -4.83E+2 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.51E+1 | 2.68E-2 | -6.36E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.19E+0 | ND | 1.12E-4 | 1.44E-2 | 2.86E-3 | -1.06E-3 | -5.20E+0 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 2.29E+1 | 4.68E-1 | 5.09E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.42E+0 | ND | 3.96E-3 | 2.51E-1 | 7.01E-3 | 8.15E-5 | -5.13E+1 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 1.43E-6 | 3.65E-8 | 3.56E-9 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.14E-8 | ND | 1.01E-9 | 1.97E-8 | 8.95E-10 | 1.36E-11 | -4.31E-6 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 2.47E+0 | 8.37E-3 | 6.13E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.25E-1 | ND | 2.32E-5 | 4.52E-3 | 4.73E-4 | 2.53E-6 | -6.63E-1 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 2.59E+3 | 3.51E+0 | 2.69E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.74E+1 | ND | 1.47E-2 | 1.89E+0 | 3.56E-2 | 2.78E-3 | -3.75E+2 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 1.64E-6 | 6.51E-9 | 9.58E-10 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.27E-8 | ND | 3.09E-11 | 3.51E-9 | 4.46E-11 | 9.23E-13 | -6.52E-7 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 2.62E-6 | 8.14E-9 | 3.05E-8 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.10E-7 | ND | 1.28E-11 | 4.39E-9 | 1.05E-10 | 4.50E-12 | -2.84E-7 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 1.85E+2 | 3.87E+0 | 5.46E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.58E+1 | ND | 3.64E-3 | 2.10E+0 | 2.53E-2 | 4.64E-3 | -6.64E+1 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 3.54E+1 | 1.07E-1 | 3.25E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.03E+1 | ND | 3.09E-4 | 5.77E-2 | 2.65E-2 | 3.80E-5 | -4.71E+1 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 1.41E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 4.96E+1 | 1.07E-1 | 3.25E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.03E+1 | ND | 3.09E-4 | 5.77E-2 | 2.65E-2 | 3.80E-5 | -4.71E+1 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 3.25E+2 | 6.56E+0 | 1.03E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.06E+1 | ND | 5.17E-2 | 3.52E+0 | 1.03E-1 | 1.89E-3 | -4.83E+2 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 2.54E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 3.26E+2 | 6.56E+0 | 1.03E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.06E+1 | ND | 5.17E-2 | 3.52E+0 | 1.03E-1 | 1.89E-3 | -4.83E+2 |
| SM | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 4.35E-1 | 8.86E-4 | 1.27E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8.54E-2 | ND | 3.30E-6 | 4.78E-4 | 7.66E-5 | -2.28E-5 | -2.51E-1 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 1.08E-1 | 1.62E-4 | 6.60E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.45E-3 | ND | 4.72E-7 | 8.72E-5 | 4.24E-6 | 9.54E-7 | 3.52E-1 |
| NHWD | kg | 1.75E+0 | 3.09E-1 | 3.16E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.80E-1 | ND | 3.17E-5 | 1.67E-1 | 2.68E-4 | 8.13E-3 | -1.09E+0 |
| RWD | kg | 6.32E-4 | 2.08E-6 | 1.61E-6 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.39E-4 | ND | 5.69E-9 | 1.12E-6 | 1.25E-7 | 6.20E-10 | -1.65E-4 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 4.90E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Additional environmental information
The recycled material content of the chain venetian blind system is certified under the ReMade scheme.
The certificate, issued by Istituto Giordano S.p.A., an accredited certification body, confirms a recycled material content depending on the type of product.
This information constitutes complementary data to this EPD and is not included in the LCA results or in the environmental indicators reported above.
Certificate of conformity: N. 481/CP
Trade name: LUME LIGHT
Total amount: 52,3%
Recycled material: 48,7%
Recovered material: 0%
Internal by-product material: 0%
External by-product material: 3,7%
Trade name: LUME
Total amount: 28,1%
Recycled material: 26,9%
Recovered material: 0%
Internal by-product material: 0%
External by-product material: 1,2%
Trade name: LUME ESSE
Total amount: 28,2%
Recycled material: 27%
Recovered material: 0%
Internal by-product material: 0%
External by-product material: 1,2%
Information related to EPDs of multiple products
| Justification for why this is representative | The representative product family is identified as LUME LIGHT, as it is the most representative product in terms of kilograms sold during the reference year |
|---|
Abbreviations
General Abbreviations
EN – European Norm (Standard)
EPD – Environmental Product Declaration
EF – Environmental Footprint
GPI – General Programme Instructions
ISO – International Organization for Standardization
LCA – Life Cycle Assessment
PCR – Product Category Rules
c-PCR – Complementary Product Category Rules
CEN – European Committee for Standardization
CLC – Co-location centre
CPC – Central product classification
GHS – Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
GRI – Global Reporting Initiative
Lifecycle Stages / Modules
A1 – Raw material supply
A2 – Transport
A3 – Manufacturing
A4 – Transport to site
A5 – Construction/Installation
B1 – Use
B2 – Maintenance
B3 – Repair
B4 – Replacement
B5 – Refurbishment
B6 – Operational energy use
B7 – Operational water use
C1 – Deconstruction/Demolition
C2 – Transport to waste processing
C3 – Waste processing
C4 – Disposal
D – Reuse-Recovery-Recycling potential
Other Relevant Terms
SVHC – Substances of Very High Concern
EC No. – European Community Number
CAS No. – Chemical Abstracts Service Number
MJ – Megajoule
kg – Kilogram
m³ – Cubic Meter
NMVOC – Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds
Sb eq. – Antimony Equivalents
P eq. – Phosphorus Equivalents
N eq. – Nitrogen Equivalents
CFC-11 eq. – Chlorofluorocarbon-11 Equivalents
CO₂ eq. – Carbon Dioxide Equivalents
kg C – Kilograms of Carbon
kg CO₂ eq. – Kilograms of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent
ND – Not Declared
References
a) General Programme Instructions of International EPD System. Version 5.0.1
b) PCR 2019:14. Version 2.0.1 valid until: 2030-04-07
c) 2019:14-c-PCR-005 Thermal insulation products (EN 16783) (c-PCR to PCR 2019:14) 1.0.0
d) EN+15804-2012+A2-2019
e) EN+15804-2012+A2-2019+AC+2021
f) ISO 14025:2006
g) Report LCA “Report LCA Life Cycle Assessment of 1 m² of external Venetian blind CHAIN SYSTEM ”, version02
Version history
Original version of the EPD, 25/05/2026