EPD-IES-0026950:001
Duct parts of Galvanized Steel
Nordfab ducting system are used in a wide variety of dust collection, fume extraction, and
process ventilation applications.
General information
| EPD Owner | Nordfab Europe A/S |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0026950:001 |
| PCR | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
| Status | Valid |
| Initial version date | 2025-12-11 |
| Validity date | 2030-12-11 |
| EN 15804 compliant | Yes |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| LCA accountability | Marta Herrero Alemany, marta.herrero.alemany@ivl.se, Nordfab Europe A/S Emil Svensson, emil.svensson@ivl.se, Nordfab Europe A/S |
|---|---|
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
| Third-party verifier | Anna Pantze (Tyréns Sverige AB) |
| Approved by | International EPD System |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.envrondec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Nordfab Europe A/S |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Peter Aberg |
| Contact person e-mail | peter.aberg@nordfab.com |
| Organisation address | Denmark Mariager 9550 Industrivej 13 Assens |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Founded in Denmark in 1973, Nordfab has grown into a global leader in industrial ducting solutions, proudly serving the Clean Air industry for over 50 years. With manufacturing and sales operations across the USA, Denmark, the UK, Thailand, and Australia, Nordfab provides high-quality ducting systems that support all kinds of process ventilation, dust collection, and fume extraction installations worldwide. WE SHAPE THE FUTURE FOR CLEAN AIR Poor air is one of the most common causes of premature deaths throughout the world and industry is one of the largest sources of emissions. At the same time, industry is the driving force behind several initiatives to improve the situation, and is also helping to save energy, increase recycling and enhance production efficiency. Since 2010, Nordfab is part of the environmental technology company Nederman Group who’s promise is to protect people, planet and production from the harmful effects of industrial processes. By doing that, we contribute to efficient production, environmental benefits and a safer workplace. OUR PLAN FOR CHANGE Our sustainability vision is to create a world where industrial air pollution is no longer a threat to human health and to our planet. Our Sustainability plan is our long-term agenda for driving positive change. It is born from our vision and aimed at meeting major global challenges. We have structured our plan into four focus areas: • Clean air • Co-workers • Climate • Circularity With sharp focus, constant improvements and tireless efforts we can make a huge difference as we strive to protect people, planet and production. Read more about Nordfab’s sustainability work at https://www.nordfab.com/en/about-us/sustainability GENERAL PRODUCT INFORMATION Nordfab ducting systems are used in a wide variety of dust collection, fume extraction, and process ventilation applications. PRODUCTS INCLUDED INTO THIS EPD Nordfabs ducting components that are included in this EPD are straight duct, bends, branches, adapters and accessories with rolled edge (QF) or flat edge (FB) produced and sold from Nordfabs factories in Denmark and United Kingdom. The components are being manufactured according to ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015 standards ensuring our dependability, quality, service, delivery, and minimum impact on the environment.
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | Duct parts of Galvanized Steel |
|---|---|
| Product identification | Not applicable |
| Product description | Nordfab ducting system are used in a wide variety of dust collection, fume extraction, and process ventilation applications. |
| Technical purpose of product | Nordfab ducting parts can be used in process ventilation, dust collection, and fume extraction applications to transport and remove dust and other harmful particulates. Industrial air filtration has a variety of applications for example but not limited to woodworking, chemical, concrete, cement, EV battery, food & agriculture, grain processing, metalworking, mining industry, pharma, recycling and textile fiber applications. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | Galvanized steel plate is cut, pressed or bended into the desired shape. The product is then spot welded, laser welded or plasma welded in order to make the finalized product. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 7850 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | Nordfab Europe A/S Nordfab DK Denmark Assens 9550 Industrivej 13 |
| Manufacturing site 2 | Nordfab UK Nordfab UK United Kingdom Leeds LS14 1NG Limewood Approach, Seacroft |
| UN CPC code | No applicable UN CPC code |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| Geographical scope description | Products are produced in UK and Denmark and sold in Europe |
Product images
Content declaration
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
|---|
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Galvanized steel | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardboard box | 0.02 | 2 | 0.009 |
| Wood pallet | 0.12 | 12 | 0.054 |
| Total | 0.14 | 14 | 0.063 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | 1 kg of duct parts Mass: 1 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database |
| LCA Software | OpenLCA OpenLCA 2.5.0 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | EF 3.1 of the EN 15804 package is used |
| Technology description including background system | Nordfab ducting systems are used in a wide variety of dust collection, fume extraction, and process ventilation applications. Nordfab's modular clip-together ducting system with rolled edges is easy to clean out and is adaptable to existing ductwork |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | The reference year related to primary data is 2024. The quality of the relevant data used for the EPD in terms of its time, geography and technology representativeness using EN15804:2012+A2:2019, Annex E. The relevant data assessed included no "poor” or “very poor” data. |
|---|
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Production of galvanized steel - A1 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Transport of steel to manufacturing site - A2 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 1.51% |
| Nitrogen, liquid - A3 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.4% |
| Argon, liquid - A3 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.76% |
| Electricity, medium voltage, residual mix - Denmark - A3 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 1.77% |
| Electricity, medium voltage, residual mix - Great Britain - A3 | Database data | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.78% |
| Transport of scrap | Assumption | Ecoinvent 3.11 | 2024 | Primary data | 0.11% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 5.33% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Residual electricity mix on the market | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 1.2% |
| Wind | 35.5% | |
| Solar | 4% | |
| Biomass | 15.5% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 4% | |
| Nuclear | 7.5% | |
| Natural gas | 22.5% | |
| Coal | 7.5% | |
| Oil | 0.5% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 1.8% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.17 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
| Method used to calculate residual electricity mix | Weighted residual mix for Denmark and England |
|---|
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | Yes, there is an excluded module, or there are excluded modules |
| Justification for the omission of modules | The product has no environmental impact in excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 5.3% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Baseline |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | • The scenarios and assumptions applied in this study for all the life cycle stages included are based on data provided by Nordfab and correspond to the most likely scenario. • Distances and information regarding the type of transportation of galvanized steel to the production facility in Denmark have been assumed to be the same as for the UK, based on data obtained from Nordfab. • Distances and information regarding the type of transportation of scrap after the production process and of the final product to the customer have been assumed to be 100 km in both cases • Distances and information regarding the type of transportation for A4 (trip to costumer) is assumed to be 100km by truck. • The assumptions related to Modules C and D, End of life treatment scenarios and potential credits, represent a most likely scenario based on current practises and technologies available. In this study the metal the products and more specifically the steel content, is assumed to be recycled (entering waste treatment module C3). For additional information on the specific model and results obtained in Modules C and D for each of the different products see section 3.2.7. |
Module A4: Transport to the building site
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4 | Product distribution |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A4 | 100 km by truck |
| Description of the default scenario in module A4 | For A4 (distribution to the customer), the distance and type of transportation are assumed to be 100 km by truck. The vehicle type is a Truck, 16-32 metric ton, Diesel 5, EURO 5. |
| Module A4 information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Distance | 100 | km |
Module A5: Installation in the building
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5 | Installation |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A5 | Production and disposal of the packaging material. |
| Description of the default scenario in module A5 | The only impact that can be attributed to the product during the installation process is the production and disposal of the packaging material, which must be treated as waste at this stage. Data provided by Nordfab indicates that the amount of packaging material (PAP20) is 0.02 kg per 1 kg of ducting. Secondary data has been used to model this, assuming that all packaging waste goes to incineration. to be disposed as waste in this stage. For the other packaing material, wood pallet, the amount per 1 kg of product is 0.12 kg. These waste streams carries a negative economic value, meaning that the disposal incurs a cost for the producer. |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | Recycling |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | The waste scenario for the ducting (C3) consist of 100% steel recyclability |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | The geographical scope of this study is Europe; consequently, the end-of-life stage has been modeled using a European scenario Module C consists of: • Deconstruction, demolition (C1) • Transport (C2) • Waste processing (C3) • Disposal (C4) The deconstruction of the ducting (C1) has been modeled as a manual process, with no requirement for diesel-powered machinery or any additional inputs. The transport associated to this step (C2) has been based on a conservative assumption of 150km, performed by a diesel truck (modelled using the secondary dataset RER: transport, freight, lorry, 16-32 metric ton, diesel, EURO 5). The waste scenario for the ducting (C3) has been modelled based on available statistics and common practises in Europe for steel that is the major material of the product. The reason for chosen a European geography for the end of life is that Nordfab sells most of their products in within Europe. To develop the waste scenario for this product, its material content was analysed. Since the product consists of only steel, the waste scenario for the ducting has been modelled as a single scenario based on 100% steel, reflecting the fact that steel is a material with the potential to reach full recyclability in the near future. |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | Steel credit |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Only 0.873 kg out of 1 kg can be assigned a credit. |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | In module D the environmental benefits, or drawbacks are calculated. For this particular product, it is recycling of steel that is relevant. The theory is that external scrap in the production of steel has to be subtracted before crediting. In the case of steel it is 12.7 % (based on an average value presented by Worldsteel). After that a material that this recycled material will substitute has to be assumed, and for steel it was “GLO: Values of scrap (Worldsteel 2018). The Y-factor, the material yield between point of end of waste and point of substitution, also needs to be added. For steel it is already included in the dataset |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 3.07E+0 | 1.90E-2 | 5.00E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.43E-2 | 5.36E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.51E+0 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 3.07E+0 | 1.90E-2 | 4.93E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.43E-2 | 5.36E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.51E+0 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | 3.14E-3 | 3.63E-6 | 4.48E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.63E-6 | 5.39E-6 | 0.00E+0 | 8.91E-3 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 2.63E-3 | 6.30E-6 | 3.27E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 8.03E-6 | 5.48E-6 | 0.00E+0 | -2.01E-4 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 2.71E-8 | 4.15E-10 | 1.31E-9 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.29E-10 | 7.95E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 2.03E-12 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 3.84E-2 | 6.11E-5 | 2.58E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 7.79E-5 | 4.79E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -3.70E-3 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.80E-3 | 1.30E-6 | 2.00E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.66E-6 | 1.73E-6 | 0.00E+0 | -3.52E-7 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 3.87E-3 | 2.06E-5 | 9.49E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.62E-5 | 2.23E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -5.94E-4 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 1.43E-1 | 2.24E-4 | 9.03E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.85E-4 | 2.44E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -5.32E-3 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 1.11E-2 | 9.26E-5 | 3.32E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.18E-4 | 7.30E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -2.41E-3 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 1.17E-4 | 6.56E-8 | 2.59E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 8.37E-8 | 1.97E-8 | 0.00E+0 | -8.56E-6 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 3.62E+1 | 2.70E-1 | 8.02E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.44E-1 | 6.97E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -1.50E+1 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.65E+0 | 1.41E-3 | 3.51E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.80E-3 | 1.80E-3 | 0.00E+0 | -1.02E-1 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 3.07E+0 | 1.90E-2 | 4.93E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.43E-2 | 5.36E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -1.52E+0 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 7.00E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 7.00E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| SM | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NHWD | kg | 1.79E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 1.50E-1 | 0.00E+0 |
| RWD | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 8.50E-1 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 2.00E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Abbreviations
Not applicable
References
M. Herrero Alemany, E. Svensson (2025): LCA methodology report for Galvanized Duct System by Nordfab Europe A/S and Nordfab UK & Ireland
General programme instructions for the International EPD System version 5.0.1
PCR 2019:14 Construction products. Version 2.0.1 , date 2025-06-05.
EN15804:2012+A2:2019 (CEN 2021)
ISO 14025, ISO 14040 and 14044 (ISO 2006 a,b,c).
Version history
Original version of the EPD, 2025-12-11