EPD-IES-0026384:003

Ready-mix Concrete - Acheron Beton A.E.

General information

EPD OwnerACHERON BETON A.E.
Registration numberEPD-IES-0026384:003
PCR2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) 2.0.1
c-PCR2019:14-c-PCR-003 Being updated - Concrete and concrete elements (EN 16757) 1.0.0
StatusValid
Publication date2025-10-27
Valid until2030-10-26
EN 15804 compliantYes
Geographical scopeGreece

Programme information

ProgrammeInternational EPD System
AddressEPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden
Websitewww.environdec.com
E-mailsupport@environdec.com

Product category rules

CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR)
Product Category Rules (PCR)PCR 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (2.0.1)
PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support.
Complementary Product Category Rules (c-PCR)PCR 2019:14-c-PCR-003 Being updated - Concrete and concrete elements (EN 16757) (1.0.0) Version: 1.0.0
c-PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System

Verification

LCA accountabilityDionysis Giakoumelos, dionysisgiak1@gmail.com, ACHERON BETON A.E.
Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via
Third-party verifierBusiness Quality Verification P.C.
Accredited byHellenic Accreditation System ESYD
Accredited certification body addressGreece
Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier
*EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.envrondec.com.

Ownership and limitation on use of EPD

Limitations

EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.

Ownership

The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.

Information about EPD Owner

EPD OwnerACHERON BETON A.E.
Contact person nameMarkos Nastas
Contact person e-mailnastasmarkos@hotmail.com
Organisation addressGreece Preveza 483 00 Preveza Industrial Area

Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner

The ACHERON BETON S.A is a member of ACHERON GROUP which it was founded in 1985 by Antonios Nastas and Panagiotis Efthymiou. The headquarters are at the Viomichaniki Periochi Prevezas , 48100,Preveza, Greece, where the production unit of concrete and cement products is also located. The company produces ready-mixed concrete in various classes of specific specifications, which give the required strength and settlement properties. Concrete is delivered to customers with special transport and mixing trucks (concrete mixers). There is also the possibility of pumping with special machines in the case of concreting at height. The company is certified with ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System

Organisation images

Organisation logo

Product information

94.21.00.34: Ready-mix Concrete C 20/25

Product name94.21.00.34: Ready-mix Concrete C 20/25
Product identificationReady-mix Concrete C20/25 S3 Internal product code: 94.21.00.34
Product descriptionReady-mix concrete with compressive strength class C20/25, slump class S3, exposure class XC1, and maximum aggregate size of 31.5 mm. Suitable for structural and non-structural applications.
Technical purpose of productC20/25 concrete is ready-to-use, pre-mixed concrete with a compressive strength class of 25 MPa at 28 days. It is widely used in construction works such as foundations, floors, pavements, exterior areas, frames, stairs, elevator shafts, as well as in major infrastructure and hydraulic engineering projects.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionThe product is ready-mixed concrete produced in a production unit. Cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures are weighed and mixed in controlled proportions according to the mix design. The concrete is delivered to the construction site in concrete mixer trucks, where it is placed and compacted according to project specifications.
Material propertiesVolumetric mass density: 2367 kg/m3
Manufacturing siteACHERON BETON A.E. Greece Preveza Industrial Area 483 00
UN CPC code375. Articles of concrete, cement and plaster
Geographical scopeGreece

Product images

94.21.00.01: Ready-mix Concrete C 25/30

Product name94.21.00.01: Ready-mix Concrete C 25/30
Product identificationReady-mix Concrete C25/30 S3 Internal product code: 94.21.00.01
Product descriptionReady-mix concrete with compressive strength class C25/30, slump class S3, exposure class XC3, and maximum aggregate size of 31.5 mm. Suitable for structural and non-structural applications.
Technical purpose of productC25/30 concrete is ready-to-use, pre-mixed concrete with a compressive strength class of 30 MPa at 28 days. It is commonly used in construction works such as foundations, floors, pavements, exterior areas, frames, stairs, elevator shafts, as well as in major infrastructure and hydraulic engineering projects.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionThe product is ready-mixed concrete produced in a production unit. Cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures are weighed and mixed in controlled proportions according to the mix design. The concrete is delivered to the construction site in concrete mixer trucks, where it is placed and compacted according to project specifications.
Material propertiesVolumetric mass density: 2383 kg/m3
Manufacturing siteACHERON BETON A.E. Greece Preveza Industrial Area 483 00
UN CPC code375. Articles of concrete, cement and plaster
Geographical scopeGreece

Product images

94.21.00.49: Ready-mix Concrete C30/37

Product name94.21.00.49: Ready-mix Concrete C30/37
Product identificationReady-mix Concrete C30/37 S4 Internal product code: 94.21.00.49
Product descriptionReady-mix concrete with compressive strength class C30/37, slump class S3, exposure class XC4, XS1, XS2, and maximum aggregate size of 31.5 mm. Suitable for structural and non-structural applications.
Technical purpose of product30/37 concrete is ready-to-use, pre-mixed concrete with a compressive strength class of 37 MPa at 28 days. It is widely used in structural and civil engineering works such as foundations, floors, columns, beams, pavements, exterior areas, stairs, elevator shafts, and major infrastructure or hydraulic engineering projects.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionThe product is ready-mixed concrete produced in a production unit. Cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures are weighed and mixed in controlled proportions according to the mix design. The concrete is delivered to the construction site in concrete mixer trucks, where it is placed and compacted according to project specifications.
Material propertiesVolumetric mass density: 2383 kg/m3
Manufacturing siteACHERON BETON A.E. Greece Preveza Industrial Area 483 00
UN CPC code375. Articles of concrete, cement and plaster
Geographical scopeGreece

Product images

Content declaration

Content declaration of multiple productsThe declared content has been reported as the weighted average in accordance with the Product Category Rules (PCR).
Hazardous and toxic substancesThe product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight.
Product content
Content nameMass, kgPost-consumer recycled material, mass-% of productBiogenic material, mass-% of productBiogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
Cement320.8000
Aggregates1880.7000
Water175.9000
Admixtures2.4000
Total2379.80000
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2

LCA information

EPD based on declared or functional unitDeclared unit
Declared unit and reference flowReady-mix Concrete Volume: 1 m3
Conversion factor to mass2378
Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes?
Datasources used for this EPDecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.9.1 database
LCA SoftwareOpenLCA OpenLCA 2.4.0
Version of the EN 15804 reference packageEF Reference Package 3.1
Characterisation methodsThe characterisation method applied in the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is the Environmental Footprint (EF) method, version 3.1. The method was implemented using OpenLCA v2.0.4 with the ecoinvent v3.9.1 database.
Technology description including background systemThe products covered by this EPD are ready-mix concrete types C20/25, C25/30, and C30/37, produced in a standard ready-mix concrete plant. The manufacturing process involves the weighing of raw materials (cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures) followed by mixing in a mechanical mixer to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The fresh concrete is then loaded into truck mixers and delivered to the construction site. No recycled aggregates are used in the production process. Electricity is the main source of energy for the mixing operations. For the life cycle inventory (LCI) modeling, specific EPDs were used as data sources for cement, aggregates, and admixtures. The Ecoinvent v3.9.1 database, implemented through openLCA v2.0.4, was used for background processes such as electricity generation, water supply, and transportation.
Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution levelLess than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs

Data quality assessment

Description of data quality assessment and reference yearsThe Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for this Environmental Product Declaration is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected directly from the manufacturer’s production processes and site specific operations for the reference year 2024. The quality of the relevant data used for the EPD in terms of its time, geography and technology representativeness using EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Annex E. The relevant data assessed included no “poor” or “very poor” data.
Data quality assessment
Process nameSource typeSourceReference yearData categoryShare of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3
Production of cementEPDEPD-IES-0003611:004 (S-P-03611)2022Primary data, secondary data74.64%
TransportationDatabaseEcoinvent v.3.9.12024Primary data13.38%
Production of aggregatesEPDEPD-IES-0025910:0032024Primary data, secondary data0.79%
Production of retarderEPDEPD-IES-0011777:003 (S-P-11777)2022-2023Primary data, secondary data0.69%
Production of viscosity modifying agentsEPDEPD-IES-0011776:003 (S-P-11776)2022-2023Primary data, secondaru data0.22%
Generation of electricity used in manufacturing of productCollected dataDAPEEP SA2024Primary data0.59%
Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A390.31%
The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories.
Electricity data
Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services)
Type of electricity mixResidual electricity mix on the market
Energy sourcesHydro1.74%
Wind21.58%
Solar17.93%
Biomass1.13%
Geothermal0.03%
Waste0%
Nuclear0%
Natural gas39.39%
Coal6.28%
Oil7.49%
Peat0%
Other4.52%
GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh)0.56 kg CO2 eq./kWh
CO2 uptake associated with carbonation and its assumptions
Production stage (module A)Excluded
Use stage (module B)Excluded
End-of-Life stage (module C)Excluded
Beyond product life cycle (Module D)Excluded

System boundary

Description of the system boundarya) Cradle to gate with modules C1-C4 and module D (A1-A3 + C + D).
Excluded modulesNo, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules

Declared modules

Product stageConstruction process stageUse stageEnd of life stageBeyond product life cycle
Raw material supplyTransportManufacturingTransport to siteConstruction installationUseMaintenanceRepairReplacementRefurbishmentOperational energy useOperational water useDe-construction demolitionTransportWaste processingDisposalReuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential
ModuleA1A2A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Modules declaredXXXNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDXXXXX
GeographyGreeceGreeceGreeceN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AGreeceGreeceGreeceGreeceGreece
Share of specific data90.31%--------------
Variation - products11.84%--------------
Variation - sites0%--------------
DisclaimerThe share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only.

Process flow diagram(s) related images

Default scenario

Name of the default scenarioRecycling and Disposal Scenario for Ready-Mix Concret
Description of the default scenarioThe product is assumed to be used primarily in construction. At the end of the building’s life, the concrete containing the product is transported to a recycling facility or landfill. It is considered that 50% of the material will be crushed and recycled as secondary aggregates, while the remaining 50% will be disposed of in landfill. This default end-of-life scenario reflects common European practices and current waste management regulations.

Module C: End-of-life

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module CRecycling and Disposal
Brief description of the default scenario in module C50% will be recycled as secondary aggregates 50% will be disposed of in landfill
Description of the default scenario in module CThe product is assumed to be used primarily in construction. At the end of the building’s life, the concrete containing the product is transported to a recycling facility or landfill. It is considered that 50% of the material will be crushed and recycled as secondary aggregates, while the remaining 50% will be disposed of in landfill. This default end-of-life scenario reflects common European practices and current waste management regulations.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection process, collected separately0
kg
Collection process, collected with mixed constuction waste2400
kg
Diesel in building/demolition equipment86.4
MJ
Recovery system, for recycling1200
kg
Disposal, for final deposition1200
kg
Waste transport, distance80
km
Vehicle typelorry 16-32 metric ton, EURO5

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module DSecondary use
Brief description of the default scenario in module D50% of the material reused as secondary aggregates
Description of the default scenario in module DAt the end of the product’s life, construction and demolition waste containing the aggregates is collected and transported to recycling facilities. Approximately 50% of the material is recycled and reused as secondary aggregates, substituting virgin limestone in new construction and civil engineering projects. This recycling reduces the demand for primary raw materials and minimizes environmental impacts associated with extraction

Additional scenario 1

Name of the additional scenarioAlternative EOL: Full Reuse Scenario
Description of the additional scenarioIn this alternative end-of-life scenario, it is assumed that 100% of the product is recovered from construction and demolition waste (CDW) and reused as secondary aggregates in new construction applications. No material is sent to landfill or incineration. The material is transported to a recycling facility and reused without significant processing. It represents an idealized best-case situation and does not reflect current average practices.

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CIn this alternative end-of-life scenario, it is assumed that 100% of the product is recovered from construction and demolition waste (CDW) and reused as secondary aggregates in new construction applications. No material is sent to landfill or incineration. The material is transported to a recycling facility and reused without significant processing. It represents an idealized best-case situation and does not reflect current average practices.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection process, collected separately0
kg
Collection process, collected with mixed construction waste2400
kg
Diesel in building, demolition equipment86.4
MJ
Recovery system, for recycling2400
kg
Disposal, for final deposition0
kg
Waste transport distance80
km
Vehicle typelorry 1632 metric ton, EURO5

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DIn this scenario, 100% of the product is reused as secondary aggregate, substituting an equivalent amount of primary aggregate.

Additional scenario 2

Name of the additional scenarioAlternative EOL: Full Landfilling Scenario
Description of the additional scenarioIn this alternative end-of-life scenario, it is assumed that 100% of the product contained in construction and demolition waste (CDW) is disposed of in landfill, with no reuse or recycling. This represents a worst-case scenario for end-of-life handling. The material is collected and transported to an inert landfill site without any further treatment.

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CIn this alternative end-of-life scenario, it is assumed that 100% of the product contained in construction and demolition waste (CDW) is disposed of in landfill, with no reuse or recycling. This represents a worst-case scenario for end-of-life handling. The material is collected and transported to an inert landfill site without any further treatment.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection process, collected separately0
kg
Collection process, collected with mixed construction waste2400
kg
Diesel in building/demolition equipment86.4
MJ
Recovery system, for recycling0
kg
Disposal, for final deposition2400
kg
Waste transport, distance80
km
Vehicle typelorry 1632 metric ton, EURO5

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DIn this scenario, 100% of the product is disposed of in landfill. No material is recovered, reused, or recycled. Therefore, no avoided impacts are reported in Module D.

Environmental performance

The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.

Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation2
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.2.46E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+11.63E+07.30E+0-1.06E+113.50%
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+11.63E+07.29E+0-1.05E+113.50%
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-8.72E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.08E-31.04E-22.05E-42.89E-3-1.49E-216.57%
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.1.14E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.02E-41.75E-21.83E-44.40E-3-1.21E-277.03%
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.68E-87.86E-72.59E-82.11E-7-8.71E-837.50%
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.9.41E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.31E-21.18E-11.51E-25.49E-2-6.01E-215.77%
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.2.13E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.10E-42.53E-35.00E-56.07E-4-4.08E-335.31%
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.2.68E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.53E-24.05E-27.00E-32.11E-2-1.08E-221.15%
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.30E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.67E-14.28E-17.60E-22.26E-1-1.37E-112.85%
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.1.07E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.94E-21.76E-12.25E-27.87E-2-3.74E-214.86%
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metals1kg Sb eq.2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-61.19E-45.83E-71.03E-5-6.23E-437.45%
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossil1MJ, net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.71E+15.16E+22.15E+11.83E+2-6.39E-59.91%
Water useWDP1m3 world eq. deprived1.88E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.17E-12.53E+05.31E-25.69E-1-1.30E+214.74%
AcronymsGWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator
Disclaimer 2The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation2
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHG1kg CO2 eq.2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+11.63E+07.30E+0-1.06E+113.51%
AcronymsGWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero.
Disclaimer 2The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation3
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence2.19E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.22E-62.88E-64.21E-71.20E-6-6.76E-741.31%
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRP1kBq U235 eq.2.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.33E-26.86E-11.01E-21.15E-1-1.24E+017.85%
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fw2CTUe3.10E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E+12.53E+21.02E+18.53E+1-3.92E+14.76%
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-c2CTUh2.10E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.63E-91.65E-85.00E-103.11E-9-9.72E-939.37%
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-nc2CTUh2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.84E-83.64E-73.50E-93.93E-8-1.29E-737.50%
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQP2Dimensionless1.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.54E+03.05E+21.43E+03.61E+2-1.34E+24.73%
AcronymsPM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator.
Disclaimer 3The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Resource use indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
PEREMJ, net calorific value1.91E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+01.21E-11.54E+0-1.33E+18.34%
PERMMJ, net calorific value1.45E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.81%
PERTMJ, net calorific value1.27E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+01.21E-11.54E+0-1.33E+114.81%
PENREMJ, net calorific value1.58E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+24.72E+21.95E+11.67E+2-1.27E+29.98%
PENRMMJ, net calorific value5.00E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+14.48E+11.96E+01.65E+1-3.11E+03.34%
PENRTMJ, net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.13E+25.16E+22.15E+11.83E+2-1.30E+29.62%
SMkg2.31E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.53E-25.59E-11.24E-28.08E-2-4.70E-116.63%
RSFMJ, net calorific value6.20E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.20E-31.51E-11.37E-31.57E-2-1.54E-117.69%
NRSFMJ, net calorific value9.14E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.95E-22.96E-13.70E-34.03E-2-4.17E-117.75%
FWm38.55E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.05E-36.16E-21.15E-31.89E-1-4.27E-112.49%
AcronymsPERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Waste indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
HWDkg7.11E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.40E-24.78E-11.78E-21.26E-1-6.13E-17.28%
NHWDkg2.28E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.96E-22.46E+11.32E-21.20E+3-1.96E+00.17%
RWDkg2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.23E-51.67E-42.34E-62.68E-5-3.01E-437.42%
AcronymsHWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Output flow indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
CRUkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
MFRkg1.51E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E-25.06E-11.02E-26.63E-2-3.74E-16.31%
MERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
EEEMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
EETMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
AcronymsCRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4

Additional scenarioAlternative EOL: Full Reuse Scenario
Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Global Warming Potential – totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq. 2.46E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+13.26E+00.00E+0-2.11E+1
Global Warming Potential – fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq. 2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+13.26E+00.00E+0-2.11E+1
Global Warming Potential – biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq. -8.72E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.08E-31.04E-24.10E-40.00E+0-2.99E-2
Global Warming Potential – land use and land use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq. 1.14E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.02E-41.75E-23.66E-40.00E+0-2.41E-2
Ozone Depletion PotentialODPkg CFC 11 eq.2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.68E-87.86E-75.18E-80.00E+0-1.74E-7
Acidification PotentialAPMole of H+ eq.9.41E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.31E-21.18E-13.02E-20.00E+0-1.20E-1
Eutrophication Potential – freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.2.13E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.10E-42.53E-31.00E-40.00E+0-8.17E-3
Eutrophication Potential – marineEP-marinekg N eq.2.68E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.53E-24.05E-21.40E-20.00E+0-2.16E-2
Eutrophication Potential – terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.30E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.67E-14.28E-11.52E-10.00E+0-2.74E-1
Photochemical Oxidant Formation PotentialPOCPkg NMVOC eq.1.07E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.94E-21.76E-14.50E-20.00E+0-7.48E-2
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals& metalskg Sb eq.2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-61.19E-41.17E-60.00E+0-1.28E-4
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossilMJ net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.71E+15.16E+24.30E+10.00E+0-2.60E+2
Water useWDPm3 world eq. deprived1.88E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.17E-12.53E+01.06E-10.00E+0-3.63E+1
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+13.26E+00.00E+0-2.11E+1
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence2.19E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.22E-62.88E-68.42E-70.00E+0-1.35E-6
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRPkBq U235 eq.2.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.33E-26.86E-12.02E-20.00E+0-2.48E+0
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fwCTUe3.10E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E+12.53E+22.04E+10.00E+0-7.85E+1
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-cCTUh2.10E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.63E-91.65E-89.99E-100.00E+0-1.94E-8
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-ncCTUh2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.84E-83.64E-77.01E-90.00E+0-2.58E-7
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQPDimensionless1.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.54E+03.05E+22.86E+00.00E+0-2.67E+2
Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPEREMJ, net calorific value1.91E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+02.43E-10.00E+0-2.65E+1
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPERMMJ, net calorific value1.45E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Total use of renewable primary energy resourcesPERTMJ, net calorific value1.27E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+02.43E-10.00E+0-2.65E+1
Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPENREMJ, net calorific value1.58E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+24.72E+23.90E+10.00E+0-2.54E+2
Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPENRMMJ, net calorific value5.00E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+14.48E+13.92E+00.00E+0-6.21E+0
Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sourcesPENRTMJ, net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.13E+25.16E+24.30E+10.00E+0-2.60E+2
Use of secondary materialSMkg2.31E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.53E-25.59E-12.48E-20.00E+0-9.40E-1
Use of renewable secondary fuelsRSFMJ, net calorific value6.20E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.20E-31.51E-12.74E-30.00E+0-3.07E-1
Use of non-renewable secondary fuelsNRSFMJ, net calorific value9.14E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.95E-22.96E-17.40E-30.00E+0-8.33E-1
Use of net fresh waterFWm38.55E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.05E-36.16E-22.30E-30.00E+0-8.54E-1
Hazardous waste disposedHWDkg7.11E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.40E-24.78E-13.57E-20.00E+0-1.23E+0
Non-hazardous waste disposedNHWDkg2.28E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.96E-22.46E+12.65E-20.00E+0-3.92E+0
Radioactive waste disposedRWDkg2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.23E-51.67E-44.67E-60.00E+0-6.03E-4
Components for re-useCRUkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Materials for recyclingMFRkg1.51E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E-25.06E-12.04E-20.00E+0-7.48E-1
Materials for energy recoveryMERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Exported electrical energyEEEMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Exported thermal energyEETMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Acronyms
DisclaimersThe same disclaimers apply as in the main scenario. These include mandatory, additional, and voluntary indicators as defined in EN 15804 and are reported in the "Environmental Performance" section of the EPD.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4

Additional scenarioAlternative EOL: Full Landfilling Scenario
Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.2.46E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+10.00E+01.46E+10.00E+0
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+10.00E+01.46E+10.00E+0
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.-8.72E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.08E-31.04E-20.00E+05.78E-30.00E+0
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.1.14E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.02E-41.75E-20.00E+08.81E-30.00E+0
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.68E-87.86E-70.00E+04.22E-70.00E+0
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.9.41E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.31E-21.18E-10.00E+01.10E-10.00E+0
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.2.13E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.10E-42.53E-30.00E+01.21E-30.00E+0
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.2.68E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.53E-24.05E-20.00E+04.22E-20.00E+0
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.30E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.67E-14.28E-10.00E+04.52E-10.00E+0
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.1.07E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.94E-21.76E-10.00E+01.57E-10.00E+0
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals& metalskg Sb eq.2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-61.19E-40.00E+02.07E-50.00E+0
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossilMJ, net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.71E+15.16E+20.00E+03.66E+20.00E+0
Water useWDPm3 world eq. deprived1.88E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.17E-12.53E+00.00E+01.14E+00.00E+0
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.2.47E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.57E+03.62E+10.00E+01.46E+10.00E+0
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence2.19E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.22E-62.88E-60.00E+02.41E-60.00E+0
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRPkBq U235 eq.2.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.33E-26.86E-10.00E+02.30E-10.00E+0
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fwCTUe3.10E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E+12.53E+20.00E+01.71E+20.00E+0
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-cCTUh2.10E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.63E-91.65E-80.00E+06.23E-90.00E+0
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-ncCTUh2.02E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.84E-83.64E-70.00E+07.86E-80.00E+0
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQPDimensionless1.07E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.54E+03.05E+20.00E+07.22E+20.00E+0
Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPEREMJ, net calorific value1.91E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+00.00E+03.08E+00.00E+0
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPERMMJ, net calorific value1.45E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Total use of renewable primary energy resourcesPERTMJ, net calorific value1.27E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.39E-17.95E+00.00E+03.08E+00.00E+0
Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPENREMJ, net calorific value1.58E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+24.72E+20.00E+03.33E+20.00E+0
Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPENRMMJ, net calorific value5.00E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.03E+14.48E+10.00E+03.30E+10.00E+0
Total use of non-renewable primary energy resourcesPENRTMJ, net calorific value1.62E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.13E+25.16E+20.00E+03.66E+20.00E+0
Use of secondary materialSMkg2.31E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.53E-25.59E-10.00E+01.62E-10.00E+0
Use of renewable secondary fuelsRSFMJ, net calorific value6.20E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND7.20E-31.51E-10.00E+03.15E-20.00E+0
Use of non-renewable secondary fuelsNRSFMJ, net calorific value9.14E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.95E-22.96E-10.00E+08.07E-20.00E+0
Use of net fresh waterFWm38.55E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.05E-36.16E-20.00E+03.78E-10.00E+0
Hazardous waste disposedHWDkg7.11E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.40E-24.78E-10.00E+02.52E-10.00E+0
Non-hazardous waste disposedNHWDkg2.28E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.96E-22.46E+10.00E+02.40E+30.00E+0
Radioactive waste disposedRWDkg2.03E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.23E-51.67E-40.00E+05.37E-50.00E+0
Components for re-useCRUkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Materials for recyclingMFRkg1.51E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.37E-25.06E-10.00E+01.33E-10.00E+0
Materials for energy recoveryMERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Exported electrical energyEEEMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Exported thermal energyEETMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Acronyms
DisclaimersThe same disclaimers apply as in the main scenario. These include mandatory, additional, and voluntary indicators as defined in EN 15804 and are reported in the "Environmental Performance" section of the EPD.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Information related to EPDs of multiple products

Description of how the averages have been determinedThe EPD covers three concrete mixes produced with the same manufacturing process. The average results presented in this EPD have been calculated as a production-weighted average based on the total production volumes of each concrete type during the reference year 2024.

Abbreviations

Not applicable

References

General Programme Instructions of the International EPD® System. Version 5.0.1

PCR 2019:14 v.2.0.1 Construction products. EPD System.

EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental Product Declarations -

Core rules for the product category of construction products

ISO 14020:2000 Environmental labels and declarations - General principles

ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations - Principles and

procedures

ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework

ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines

Residual Energy Mix 2024 from Renewable Energy Sources Operator & Guarantees of Origin (DAPEEP SA)

Version history

2025-10-27/ EPD Version 001: Original version of EPD (unpublished version) 2025-10-27/ EPD Version 002: Changes made to reference year of transportation process (data quality assessment) (unpublished version) 2025-10-27/ EPD Version 003: Changes made to share of specific data