EPD-IES-0025694:001

CONCRETE PAVING ELEMENTS from BÁCSKA LOGISTIK KFT.

The paving stones are extremely durable and weather resistant. Pavers are easy to maintain, as one element can be easily replaced if it is necessary, without having to dismantle the entire pavement. The gaps between the elements allow water to drain naturally, reducing the risk of flooding and puddles. The variety of shapes allows for the creation of unique and attractive colours and patterns that enhance the value and aesthetic appeal of the property. The production of the paving stones uses partially recycled crushed concrete, thus returning the waste material to the production cycle, which also contributes to environmental protection. List of products covered by this EPD: • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Mix 6 cm Antracit-fehér • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 10 cm " Szürke" (Machine) • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x100 cm • Bácska Cube 20x20x6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Mix Gemenc 6 cm • Süllyesztett szegélykő 15x20x40 cm • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Manual) • Bácska Mix 6 cm Barna-fehér • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x24 cm • BS Sugovica Ice 6 cm • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Antracit" • Kertiszegély 20x100x5 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Cube 20x20x8 cm "Antracit" • BS Verona Grey 6 cm • Kertiszegély 20 x 100 x (8) cm "Szürke" • Mederlap 40x60x10 cm • BS Gemenc 6 cm • BS Verona Brown 6 cm • Gyeprácskő 60x40x10 cm "Szürke" • BS Sugovica Homok 6 cm • Bácska Wave Sx8 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Kiemelt szegélykő 18x24x100 cm • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Red" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Red" • Bácska Bone 10 cm "Yellow" (Machine) • Bácska Wave Sx6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" Zökkenőmentes • BS Verona Gemenc 6 cm • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Antracit" (Manual) • Bácska Quadrat 10x10x6 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke“ Zökkenőmentes • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Yellow" • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Snow" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Blue" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Green" • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Antracit" (Manual) • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Red" (Machine)

General information

EPD OwnerBÁCSKA-LOGISTIK Kft.
Registration numberEPD-IES-0025694:001
PCR2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) 2.0.1
c-PCR2019:14-c-PCR-003 Being updated - Concrete and concrete elements (EN 16757) 1.0.0
StatusValid
Publication date2025-11-10
Valid until2030-11-10
EN 15804 compliantYes
Geographical scopeEurope, Hungary

Product images

Programme information

ProgrammeInternational EPD System
AddressEPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden
Websitewww.environdec.com
E-mailsupport@environdec.com

Product category rules

CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR)
Product Category Rules (PCR)PCR 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (2.0.1)
PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support.
Complementary Product Category Rules (c-PCR)PCR 2019:14-c-PCR-003 Being updated - Concrete and concrete elements (EN 16757) (1.0.0) Version: 1.0.0
c-PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System

Verification

LCA accountabilitybalazs.gal@bayzoltan.hu, balazs.gal@bayzoltan.hu, Bay Zoltán Nonprofit Ltd. for Applied Research
Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via
Third-party verifierMari Kirss (Meetripuu OÜ)
Approved byInternational EPD System
Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier
*EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.envrondec.com.

Ownership and limitation on use of EPD

Limitations

EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.

Ownership

The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.

Information about EPD Owner

EPD OwnerBÁCSKA-LOGISTIK Kft.
Contact person nameAndrea Illés
Contact person e-mailiroda@bacskastone.hu
Organisation addressHungary Baja 6500 Jánoshalmi út 6.

Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner

The Bácska Logistik Kft. was founded as a family business in 2010. At the time, main activity was road fright with a focus on bulk cargoes. In order to match market demand and provide reliable and precise transportation solutions, it was necessary to widen their activity portfolio and include extraction. As a result, of company has been working in the fields of gravel extraction, concrete- and asphalt factory material production, transport and sales since 2010. Over the past decade, it has gathered considerable experience in supplying construction material and getting to know the needs of the end market. The business practice has always been based on establishing long-term professional relationships, that’s how were able to become one of the biggest suppliers of mineral materials in the Southern region of Hungary. The company has ISO 9001 an ISO 14001 certification.

Organisation images

Organisation logo

Product information

Product nameConcrete paving elements
Product identificationThe concrete paving elements (CPEs) is most often used for paving of pavements, parking lots, roads, squares, roofs.
Product descriptionThe paving stones are extremely durable and weather resistant. Pavers are easy to maintain, as one element can be easily replaced if it is necessary, without having to dismantle the entire pavement. The gaps between the elements allow water to drain naturally, reducing the risk of flooding and puddles. The variety of shapes allows for the creation of unique and attractive colours and patterns that enhance the value and aesthetic appeal of the property. The production of the paving stones uses partially recycled crushed concrete, thus returning the waste material to the production cycle, which also contributes to environmental protection. List of products covered by this EPD: • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Mix 6 cm Antracit-fehér • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 10 cm " Szürke" (Machine) • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x100 cm • Bácska Cube 20x20x6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Mix Gemenc 6 cm • Süllyesztett szegélykő 15x20x40 cm • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Manual) • Bácska Mix 6 cm Barna-fehér • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x24 cm • BS Sugovica Ice 6 cm • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Antracit" • Kertiszegély 20x100x5 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Cube 20x20x8 cm "Antracit" • BS Verona Grey 6 cm • Kertiszegély 20 x 100 x (8) cm "Szürke" • Mederlap 40x60x10 cm • BS Gemenc 6 cm • BS Verona Brown 6 cm • Gyeprácskő 60x40x10 cm "Szürke" • BS Sugovica Homok 6 cm • Bácska Wave Sx8 cm "Szürke" (Machine) • Kiemelt szegélykő 18x24x100 cm • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Red" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Red" • Bácska Bone 10 cm "Yellow" (Machine) • Bácska Wave Sx6 cm "Szürke" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" Zökkenőmentes • BS Verona Gemenc 6 cm • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Antracit" (Manual) • Bácska Quadrat 10x10x6 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke“ Zökkenőmentes • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Yellow" • Bácska Mix 20 x (10,20,30) x 6 cm "Antracit" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Snow" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Blue" • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Green" • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Antracit" (Manual) • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Red" (Machine)
Technical purpose of productPaving stone can be used for a variety of practical and aesthetic purposes, such as paving walkways, patios, paths and driveways. It gives a unique and aesthetic appearance, allows mud-free traffic and some types offer a permeable paving solution. With proper installation, it is a durable solution that will last for decades.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionAll declared products are produced by the same recipe, manufacturing process, and production line. As raw materials the folowing has been applied: • gravel, • sand, • cement • and water. For the manufacturing the further materials are necessary: • Colouring materials • Additives • Packaging materials BÁCSKASTONE is not adding any other materials to the product during the manufacturing.
Material propertiesVolumetric mass density: 2100 kg/m3
Manufacturing siteBácska Logistik Kft Bácska Logistik Kft Hungary Baja 6500 Teller Ede str 1
UN CPC code37540. Tiles, flagstones, bricks and similar articles, of cement, concrete or artificial stone
Geographical scopeEurope, Hungary
Geographical scope descriptionThe majority of the raw materials (A1) are produced in Europe, the product is manufactured (A3) in Hungary (Baja, Teller Ede str 1.), the end-of-life phase also takes place (C1-C4 and D modules) in Europe.

Technical characteristics and performance

Technical performance

ParameterStandardUnitPerformance
Surface appearanceMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix J-
Shape and size toleranceMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix C-
Thickness of coating layerMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix Cmm
Splitting-tensile strength and breaking loadMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix FN/mm2
Splitting-tensile strength and breaking load MSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix FN/mm
Abrasion resistanceMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix Hcat.
Water uptakeMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix Ecat.
Frost resistanceMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix Dcat.
Slip resistanceMSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix I USRV (SRT) value (dry)
Slip resistance MSZ EN 1338:2003 Appendix I USRV (SRT) value (wet)
Fire risk 96/603/EK cat

Content declaration

Content declaration of multiple productsThe products manufactured by BÁCSKASTONE do not contain secondary raw materials from external sources or bio-based materials. There are not any secondary raw materials in the materials that are used for packaging of the product.
Hazardous and toxic substancesThe product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight.
Product content
Content nameMass, kgPost-consumer recycled material, mass-% of productBiogenic material, mass-% of productBiogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
Sand431.88000
Gravel381.81000
Cement133.45000
Crushed concrete (from own source)36.33000
Water15.91000
Paint0.34000
Additives0.28000
Total1000000
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2
Packaging materials
Material nameMass, kgMass-% (versus the product)Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
Pallet (single use)0.990.10.39
PET band (strip)0.110.010
LDPE foil0.0400
Total1.140.110.39
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2

LCA information

EPD based on declared or functional unitDeclared unit
Declared unit and reference flowConcrete paving elements Mass: 1000 kg
Conversion factor to mass1
Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes?
Datasources used for this EPDGaBi database (general) Sphera MLC (fka GaBi) Databases Edition 2025.1 ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database
LCA SoftwareLCA for Experts (formerly GaBi Software) N/A
Additional information about the underlying LCA-based informationThe packaging material originated biogenic carbon, and the PERM/PENRM indicators (according to the Annex 3 of PCR, option A) was balanced in A3 due to that A5 module has not declared, in EPD. The PERM impacts originated from pigments (that has been used for manufacturing) was balanced in Module C.
Version of the EN 15804 reference packageEF Reference Package 3.1
Characterisation methodsEN 15804:2012+A2:2019
Technology description including background systemThe material for manufacturing (Sorted by size and type), transported from the depots to the high-capacity silos with a front loader. Two independent systems produce the concrete for the paving stones. A smaller, (with hopper and conveyor system), produces the finer material for the surface layer and a larger that mixes the concrete, for the core of products. The automation adds precisely measured cement and other additives to the gravel mixture into the mixers, then it calibrates the required moisture content for the concrete based on the values measured during the process. For each of the analysed product an identical concrete mix has applied. The homogenized raw material is delivered to the production line via a conveyor belt. The paving stone manufacturing machine loads the received core-concrete mix from its storage silo into the transport trolley, which then fills the mould while vibrating. After a short pre-compaction, the transport trolley for the concrete top layer also fills the mould, and the machine uses vibration and high pressure to produce the final paving stone. The press machine place, the paving stones onto a returnable pallet, which then remains on until packaging. The pallets will be delivered into a drying chamber where the product spends 24-48 hours until it is dry enough to be packed. After the drying, the employees inspecting the finished products to replace any defective products. The stacker removes all the paving stones from the returnable pallet and then places them onto a single-use pallet in order to the packaging. During packaging, the product is given a QR code, which facilitates inventory management and tracking during sales.
Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution levelLess than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs

Data quality assessment

Description of data quality assessment and reference yearsCountry specific processes were chosen, in case of the electricity, thermal energy, but in other cases – when there was no typical country specific process available – average European processes were selected. In some cases, only processes from other European countries were available. Generic data used in the LCA study are not older than 5 years and site-specific data are not older than 2 years. Reference year was 2024.
Data quality assessment
Process nameSource typeSourceReference yearData categoryShare of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3
Production of raw material (cement, gravel, sand, water, additive)DatabaseSphera, Ecoinvent 3.11<5 years oldSecondary data0%
Production of paintEPDEPD-IES-00170152023Primary data, secondary data0.28%
Transportation of materials to manufacturing site DatabaseSphera2024Primary data13.65%
Generation of electricity used in manufacturing of product DatabaseEcoinvent 3.112024Primary data1.84%
Manufacturing of productCollected dataEPD owner, Sphera<5 years oldPrimary data0.39%
Production of packaging DatabaseSphera, Ecoinvent 3.11<5 years oldSecondary data0%
Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A316.16%
The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories.
Comment on the data sources and other information in the tableThe packaging material originated biogenic carbon, and the PERM/PENRM indicators (according to the Annex 3 of PCR, option A) was balanced in A3 due to that A5 module has not declared, in EPD. The PERM impacts originated from pigments (that has been used for manufacturing) was balanced in Module C.
Electricity data
Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services)
Type of electricity mixResidual electricity mix on the market
Energy sourcesHydro0.79%
Wind0.23%
Solar8.27%
Biomass1.1%
Geothermal0%
Waste0%
Nuclear43.22%
Natural gas25.87%
Coal17.84%
Oil0.59%
Peat0%
Other2.06%
GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh)0.42 kg CO2 eq./kWh
Method used to calculate residual electricity mixThe residual mix of a country is calculated based on the domestic residual mix (AIB 2024). The domestic residual mix represents the sum of all domestic electricity production considering imports and export outside the calculation area and issued and expired attributes.
CO2 uptake associated with carbonation and its assumptions
Production stage (module A)Excluded
Use stage (module B)Excluded
End-of-Life stage (module C)Excluded
Beyond product life cycle (Module D)Excluded

System boundary

Description of the system boundarya) Cradle to gate with modules C1-C4 and module D (A1-A3 + C + D).
Excluded modulesYes, there is an excluded module, or there are excluded modules
Justification for the omission of modulesIn this study, the A4, A5, and the whole section B were excluded from the system boundaries.

Declared modules

Product stageConstruction process stageUse stageEnd of life stageBeyond product life cycle
Raw material supplyTransportManufacturingTransport to siteConstruction installationUseMaintenanceRepairReplacementRefurbishmentOperational energy useOperational water useDe-construction demolitionTransportWaste processingDisposalReuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential
ModuleA1A2A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Modules declaredXXXNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDXXXXX
GeographyEuropeHungaryHungaryN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AEuropeEuropeEuropeEuropeEurope
Share of specific data16.16%--------------
Variation - products0%--------------
Variation - sites0%--------------
DisclaimerThe share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only.

Description of the process flow diagram(s)

A1 – Extraction and processing of base and packaging materials A2 – Transport to the factory and within the factory A3 – CPEs manufacturing: production of electricity ancillary material production and transportation to the factory transportation of the manufacturing waste to the waste treatment facility treatment of the manufacturing waste emissions (natural gas combustion, blowing agent) C1 – Demolition: the energy usage of the demolition C2 – Transportation of the end-of-life waste to the treatment site C3 – Waste processing: recycling C4 – Waste disposal: landfilling D – Benefits: credits for recovered materials

Process flow diagram(s) related images

Default scenario

Name of the default scenarioBase scenario
Description of the default scenarioIt is contain the usually life cycle path of concrete paving elements.

Module C: End-of-life

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module CUse of recycled CPE
Brief description of the default scenario in module C- Removal of the CPEs - Transportation for treatment - Treatment of waste - Disposal
Description of the default scenario in module CAs one of the most common used construction material the concrete is served as rawmaterial for BÁCSKASTONE CPEs, a general energy demand was assumed for demolition. 100% of waste is assumed to be collected separately and transported to 50 km by truck for processsing. The raw materials for CPEs are recyclable in 100%. Based on the literature information, only 89% of mineral-based construction waste will be recycled, and 11%-of materials will be disposed.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection of material (separated)1000
kg
Recycling of collected waste890
kg
Disposal of collected waste110
kg
Transportation to treatment50
km

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module DBenefit of CPEs
Brief description of the default scenario in module DAfter the recycling, the extracted raw materials able to repleace of gravel.
Description of the default scenario in module DAs a result of the CPE recycling process, the material obtained is suitable for use as a gravel substitute. For this reason, the effects of avoided gravel mining were modelled as savings in Section D.
Module D informationValueUnit
Substitution of natural gravel (primary)890
kg

Additional scenario 1

Name of the additional scenario100% Recycling scenario
Description of the additional scenarioIn this case, all recovered PVE will be recycled without any fraction being sent to landfill.

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CAs one of the most common used construction material the concrete is served as rawmaterial for BÁCSKASTONE CPEs, a general energy demand was assumed for demolition. 100% of waste is assumed to be collected separately and transported to 50 km by truck for processsing. The raw materials for CPEs are recyclable in 100%. 100% of mineral-based construction waste will be recycled, without any disposal.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection of material (separated)1000
kg
Recycling of collected waste1000
kg
Disposal of collected waste0
kg
Transportation to treatment50
km

Additional scenario 2

Name of the additional scenario100% Landfilling scenario
Description of the additional scenarioIn this case, all ammount of recovered PVE will be landfilling.

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CAs one of the most common used construction material the concrete is served as rawmaterial for BÁCSKASTONE CPEs, a general energy demand was assumed for demolition. 100% of waste is assumed to be collected separately and transported to 50 km by truck for processsing. The 100% of mineral-based construction waste will disposal.
Module C informationValueUnit
Collection of material (separated)1000
kg
Recycling of collected waste0
kg
Disposal of collected waste1000
kg
Transportation to treatment50
km

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DNo savings were realised in this scenario.

Environmental performance

The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.

Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation2
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.1.59E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.22E+04.34E+02.50E+01.68E+0-1.78E+00.45%
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.1.57E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.14E+04.29E+02.52E+01.68E+0-1.80E+00.41%
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.2.01E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.31E-20.00E+0-4.10E-2-5.40E-33.34E-20.40%
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.3.04E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.03E-24.40E-22.17E-26.90E-3-1.09E-20.10%
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.5.82E-7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.40E-107.10E-134.95E-124.68E-12-1.37E-110.00%
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.4.47E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.35E-28.40E-31.27E-21.19E-2-9.35E-30.20%
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.1.42E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.31E-51.15E-56.30E-62.50E-6-4.54E-60.10%
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.1.65E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.23E-33.63E-35.93E-33.11E-3-3.37E-30.25%
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.1.81E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.62E-23.89E-26.43E-23.39E-2-3.68E-20.22%
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.4.24E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.01E-38.42E-31.58E-29.30E-3-8.88E-30.24%
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metals1kg Sb eq.1.23E-4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-62.84E-72.56E-61.04E-7-1.95E-70.02%
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossil1MJ, net calorific value1.17E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.25E+25.48E+14.65E+12.21E+1-2.71E+10.81%
Water useWDP1m3 world eq. deprived1.39E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.54E+01.96E-24.47E-11.82E-1-1.97E-10.22%
AcronymsGWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator
Disclaimer 2The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation2
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHG1kg CO2 eq.1.57E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.16E+04.34E+02.54E+01.69E+0-1.82E+00.40%
AcronymsGWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero.
Disclaimer 2The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation3
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence2.85E-6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.11E-77.08E-82.44E-71.48E-7-5.37E-70.00%
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRP1kBq U235 eq.6.64E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.27E+01.49E-29.36E-22.59E-2-2.91E-10.00%
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fw2CTUe4.75E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.11E+17.13E+14.64E+11.71E+1-2.09E+10.00%
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-c2CTUh3.56E-8NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.99E-99.60E-107.41E-102.94E-10-4.63E-100.00%
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-nc2CTUh1.05E-6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.20E-85.38E-83.08E-81.10E-8-2.09E-80.00%
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQP2Dimensionless1.59E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.02E+12.42E+11.31E+15.45E+0-8.60E+00.00%
AcronymsPM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator.
Disclaimer 3The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Resource use indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
PEREMJ, net calorific value3.16E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.57E+14.13E+04.56E+04.26E+0-9.80E+00.34%
PERMMJ, net calorific value2.62E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0-2.62E-30.00E+00.00%
PERTMJ, net calorific value3.16E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.57E+14.13E+04.56E+04.25E+0-9.80E+00.34%
PENREMJ, net calorific value1.17E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.25E+25.48E+14.65E+12.21E+1-2.71E+10.81%
PENRMMJ, net calorific value2.14E-4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
PENRTMJ, net calorific value1.17E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.25E+25.48E+14.65E+12.21E+1-2.71E+10.81%
SMkg3.29E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+08.90E+20.00%
RSFMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
NRSFMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
FWm33.52E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.65E-22.04E-31.22E-25.32E-3-7.95E-30.26%
AcronymsPERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Waste indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
HWDkg6.59E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.64E-72.20E-96.41E-94.83E-9-1.60E-80.00%
NHWDkg3.14E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.71E-27.65E-31.17E-21.10E+2-3.71E+10.15%
RWDkg2.32E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.98E-21.03E-45.90E-42.34E-4-1.79E-33.15%
AcronymsHWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Output flow indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
CRUkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
MFRkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+08.90E+20.00E+08.90E+20.00%
MERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
EEEMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
EETMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00%
AcronymsCRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4

Additional scenario100% Recycling scenario
Description of the scenario/methodBest-case for EoL scenario. In this scenario, it has been assumed that the whole ammount of recovered CPE will be recycled withouth any losses or landfiling.
Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.1.57E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.14E+04.29E+02.83E+00.00E+0-2.03E+00.41%
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.3.04E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.03E-24.40E-22.43E-20.00E+0-1.23E-20.10%
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.5.80E-7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.40E-107.00E-135.60E-120.00E+0-1.54E-110.00%
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.4.47E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.35E-28.40E-31.43E-20.00E+0-1.05E-20.20%
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossil2MJ, net calorific value1.17E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.25E+25.48E+15.22E+10.00E+0-3.05E+10.81%
Water useWDP2m3 world eq. deprived1.39E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.54E+01.96E-25.03E-10.00E+0-2.22E-10.22%
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.1.59E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.22E+04.34E+02.81E+00.00E+0-2.00E+00.45%
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.1.42E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.31E-51.15E-57.08E-60.00E+0-5.10E-60.10%
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.1.65E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.23E-33.63E-36.67E-30.00E+0-3.78E-30.25%
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.1.81E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.62E-23.89E-27.22E-20.00E+0-4.13E-20.22%
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.4.24E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.01E-37.58E-31.78E-20.00E+0-9.98E-30.24%
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.2.01E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.31E-20.00E+0-4.58E-20.00E+03.75E-20.40%
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metals2kg Sb eq.1.23E-4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-62.84E-72.87E-60.00E+0-2.19E-70.02%
AcronymsND-Not declared
DisclaimersThe results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4

Additional scenario100% Landfilling scenario
Description of the scenario/methodThis is the Worst-case EoL scenario. In this scenario, it has been assumed that the whole ammount of recovered CPE will be landfiling withouth recycling.
Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DVariation1
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.1.59E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.22E+04.34E+00.00E+01.53E+10.00E+00.45%
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.1.57E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.14E+04.29E+00.00E+01.53E+10.00E+00.41%
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.2.01E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.31E-20.00E+00.00E+0-4.95E-20.00E+00.40%
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.3.04E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.03E-24.40E-20.00E+06.27E-20.00E+00.10%
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.5.80E-7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.40E-107.00E-130.00E+04.26E-110.00E+00.00%
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.1.42E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.31E-51.15E-50.00E+02.27E-50.00E+00.10%
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.1.65E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.23E-33.63E-30.00E+02.83E-20.00E+00.25%
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.4.47E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.35E-28.40E-30.00E+01.08E-10.00E+00.20%
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.1.81E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.62E-23.89E-20.00E+03.08E-10.00E+00.22%
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.4.24E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.01E-37.58E-30.00E+08.46E-20.00E+00.24%
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metalskg Sb eq.1.23E-4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-62.84E-70.00E+09.46E-70.00E+00.02%
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossilMJ, net calorific value1.17E+3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.25E+25.48E+10.00E+02.01E+20.00E+00.81%
Water useWDPm3 world eq. deprived1.39E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.54E+01.96E-20.00E+01.65E+00.00E+00.22%
Acronyms
DisclaimersThe results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator; The packaging material originated biogenic carbon, and the PERM/PENRM indicators (according to the Annex 3 of PCR, option A) was balanced in A3 due to that A5 module has not declared, in EPD. The PERM impacts originated from pigments (that has been used for manufacturing) was balanced in Module C.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The maximum variation in results between the included products.

Additional environmental information

The prevention of work-related accidents and illnesses, and the preservation of the health and personal safety of employees is an absolute priority for the company, and the rules on workplace safety and accident prevention are fully implemented. They organise regular training sessions on work safety. BÁCSKASTONE provides the necessary protective equipment and strictly requires and controls use of this equipment.

The applicable conversion factors can be found below:

  • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 = 0,167
  • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Szürke"(Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,176
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,123
  • Bácska Mix 6 cm Antracit-fehér factor for conversion to m2 =0,131
  • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,133
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Bone 10 cm "Szürke" (Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,219
  • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x100 cm factor for conversion to piece =0,081
  • Bácska Cube 20x20x6 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,138
  • Bácska Mix Gemenc 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,131
  • Süllyesztett szegélykő 15x20x40 cm factor for conversion to piece =0,027
  • Bácska Mix 20x(10,20,30)x6 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,128
  • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Szürke" (Manual) factor for conversion to m2 =0,129
  • Bácska Mix 6 cm Barna-fehér factor for conversion to m2 =0,131
  • Kiemelt szegélykő 15x26x24 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,020
  • BS Sugovica Ice 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,135
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Antracit" factor for conversion to m2 =0,133
  • Kertiszegély 20x100x5 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,021
  • Bácska Cube 20x20x8 cm "Antracit" factor for conversion to m2 =0,171
  • BS Verona Szürke 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,130
  • Kertiszegély 20x100x(8) cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to piece =0,035
  • Mederlap 40x60x10 cm factor for conversion to piece =0,056
  • BS Gemenc 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,135
  • BS Verona Barna 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,130
  • Gyeprácskő 60x40x10 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,134
  • BS Sugovica Homok 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,135
  • Bácska Wave Sx8 cm "Szürke" (Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,173
  • Kiemelt szegélykő 18x24x100 cm factor for conversion to piece =0,092
  • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Red" factor for conversion to m2 =0,172
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Red" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Bone 10 cm "Yellow" (Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,219
  • Bácska Wave Sx6 cm "Szürke" factor for conversion to m2 =0,132
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Antracit" (Zökkenőmentes) factor for conversion to m2 =0,166
  • BS Verona Gemenc 6 cm factor for conversion to m2 =0,130
  • Bácska Bone 8 cm "Antracit" (Manual) factor for conversion to m2 =0,172
  • Bácska Quadrat 10x10x6 cm "Antracit" factor for conversion to m2 =0,124
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x6 cm "Szürke" Zökkenőmentes factor for conversion to m2 =0,127
  • Bácska Mix 20x(10,20,30)x6 cm "Yellow" factor for conversion to m2 =0,131
  • Bácska Mix 20x(10,20,30)x6 cm "Antracit" factor for conversion to m2 =0,131
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Snow" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Blue" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Basic 10x20x8 cm "Green" factor for conversion to m2 =0,179
  • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Antracit" (Manual) factor for conversion to m2 =0,130
  • Bácska Bone 6 cm "Red" (Machine) factor for conversion to m2 =0,133

Information related to EPDs of multiple products

Description of how the averages have been determinedThe average product was determined based on the materials and energy flows used during one year of production (reference year was 2024) and the mass of goods that were produced.

Abbreviations

ADPE Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources

ADPF Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources

AP Acidification potential

BZN Bay Zoltán Nonprofit Ltd. for Applied Research

CFP Carbon Footprint of Products

CPEs Concrete paving elements

EP Eutrophication potential

EPD Environmental Product Declaration

GHG Green House Gases

GWP Global Warming Potential

ISO International Organization for Standardization

LCA Life cycle assessment

LCI Life cycle inventory

LCIA Life cycle impact assessment

LfE LCA for Experts (formerly known as GaBi)

BÁCSKASTONE Bácska Logistik Kft.

ODP Ozone Depletion Potential

PCR Product Category Rules

POCP Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential

References

• Association of Issuing Bodies (2024) European Residual Mixes; Results of the calculation of Residual Mixes for the calendar year 2023; Version 1.0, 2024-05-30; Source: https://www.aib-net.org/sites/default/files/assets/facts/residual-mix/2023/AIB_2023_Residual_Mix_FINALResults09072024.pdf ; (19.09.2025) 

• Complementary Product Category Rules (c-PCR) – Concrete and concrete elements _ EN 16757:2022 Product Group Classification: UN CPC 375 (C-PCR-003 to PCR 2019:14, version 1.0.0

• Dos Santos Gervasio, H. and Dimova, S., (2018) Model for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of buildings, EUR 29123 EN; Publications Office of the European Union; ISBN 978-92-79-79974-7 (print); 978-92-79-79973-0 (pdf); DOI:10.2760/10016 (online);10.2760/789069 (print); JRC110082.

• EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products

• EN 15941:2024 Sustainability of construction works - Data quality for environmental assessment of products and construction work - Selection and use of data

• General Program Instruction (GPI) for the International EPD system; version 5.0.1

• ISO 14025:2006. Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures

• ISO 14040:2006. Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework. (2006).

• ISO 14044:2006. Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines. ISO. (2006).

• Product Category Rules (PCR) – Construction Products PCR 2019:14; version 2.0.1

• Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the Environmental Footprint 3.1 method – JRC report

Version history

This is the first version of EPD!