EPD-IES-0025035:001
Opakfil ES+ ePM1 70%
Opakfil ES+ ePM1 70% is a compact V-Bank filter are used in HVAC applications as final filters in industrial, commercial and residential applications, and also serves as prefilters in HEPA installations to improve indoor air quality and comfort. It consists of an aerodynamic plastic frame and pleated glass fibre media, for the particle filtration of air and other gases. Opakfil ES+ is manufactured with dimensions according to EN 15805, and filtration class of ePM1 70% according to ISO 16890 and EN 1822‑1:2019.
General information
| EPD Owner | Camfil AB |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0025035:001 |
| PCR | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) 2.0.1 |
| c-PCR | 2019:14-c-PCR-018 Ventilation components (c-PCR under PCR 2019:14) Adopted from EPD Norway |
| Status | Valid |
| Initial version date | 2025-11-25 |
| Validity date | 2030-11-24 |
| EN 15804 compliant | Yes |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
Programme information
| Programme | International EPD System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | PCR 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (2.0.1) |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
| Complementary Product Category Rules (c-PCR) | PCR 2019:14-c-PCR-018 Ventilation components (c-PCR under PCR 2019:14) (Adopted from EPD Norway) Version: Adopted from EPD Norway |
| c-PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System |
Verification
| LCA accountability | Umairah.Nizam@camfil.com, Umairah.Nizam@camfil.com, Camfil AB |
|---|---|
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
| Third-party verifier | Stephen Forson (ViridisPride) |
| Approved by | International EPD System |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.envrondec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Camfil AB |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Tobias Zimmer |
| Contact person e-mail | tobias.zimmer@camfil.com |
| Organisation address | Sweden Stockholm 11134 Sveavägen 56E 11134 Stockholm |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
For more than half a century, Camfil has been helping people breathe cleaner air. As a leading manufacturer of premium clean air solutions, we provide commercial and industrial systems for air filtration and air pollution control that improve worker and equipment productivity, minimize energy use, and benefit human health and the environment. We firmly believe that the best solutions for our customers are the best solutions for our planet, too. That’s why every step of the way – from design to delivery and across the product life cycle – we consider the impact of what we do on people and on the world around us. Through a fresh approach to problem-solving, innovative design, precise process control and a strong customer focus we aim to conserve more, use less and find better ways – so we can all breathe easier. The Camfil Group is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, and has manufacturing sites, R&D centres and local sales offices worldwide, and are growing. We proudly serve and support customers in a wide variety of industries and in communities across the world. To discover how Camfil can help you to protect people, processes and the environment.
Organisation images
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | Opakfil ES+ ePM1 70% |
|---|---|
| Product identification | Opakfil ES+ ePM1 70% 592*592*296 mm |
| Product description | Opakfil ES+ ePM1 70% is a compact V-Bank filter are used in HVAC applications as final filters in industrial, commercial and residential applications, and also serves as prefilters in HEPA installations to improve indoor air quality and comfort. It consists of an aerodynamic plastic frame and pleated glass fibre media, for the particle filtration of air and other gases. Opakfil ES+ is manufactured with dimensions according to EN 15805, and filtration class of ePM1 70% according to ISO 16890 and EN 1822‑1:2019. |
| Technical purpose of product | Compact filters, or rigid pocket filters are used in HVAC applications as final filters in industrial, commercial and residential applications, and also serves as prefilters in HEPA installations to improve indoor air quality and comfort. It consists of an aerodynamic plastic frame and pleated glass fiber media, for the particle filtration of air and other gases. Opakfil ES+ is a compact V-Bank filter with dimensions according to EN 15805, and filtration classes according to ISO 16890. |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | Opakfil filters consists of 4 V-packs of glass fiber media glued into an ABS plastic frame. The frame consists of 7 injection molded plastic parts. The filter media consists of glass fibers and a binder and is pleated, and the pleats are fixed in place using hotmelt. Construction of Opakfil makes the filter suitable for one time use only. Moreover, filter fixed assembly is a limiting factor to dismount specific parts of the product. The recommended method of disposal of filters is by incineration, which takes place in certified facilities. - Module A1 covers extraction and processing of raw materials, as well as production of the materials and components used for production of filters: filter media, ABS frame, hotmelt, and potting compounds. - Module A2 covers transportation of the materials and components to the production site in Reinfeld, Germany. - Module A3 covers production of the HEPA filters at the production site in Reinfeld, Germany. This stage includes electricity consumption for bag assembly and filter assembly, as well as the electricity for general processes in the production hall. It also includes production and transport of packaging materials as cardboard box and labels, aside from waste management of production waste. - Module A4 covers weighted transport distance based on European country sales share for each filter type, with a distance from Camfil’s site to the regional warehouse of the respective market with an additional of 300 km by truck to a customer was modelled as module A4, as required by c-PCR (EPD International, 2021). The exception is Germany, where it is 300km as mandated by the c-PCR. - Module A5 covers manual removal of the previous filter, manual installation of the new filter, transport of cardboard box to waste management and its incineration. - Module B1 covers accumulation of dust in the filter and hence the reduction of particulate matter in the air. - Module C1 covers manual operation of filter removal from the installation. It requires no power tools. - Module C2 covers transport of the used filter from the user site to the waste processing facility. An average transport distance has been estimated to 130 km. - Module C3 covers incineration of the filter, frame, and any collected dust. The incineration process is conducted with recovery of energy. - Module C4 covers deposition of the filter remains such as ashes and leftovers. As the database used includes landfilling of ashes in its aggregated incineration processes, C4 activity is included in C3. - Module D includes the loads of replacing recycled material that reaches its end-of-life within the system boundary, and energy recovery potential for incineration of the remaining components and packaging. |
| Material properties | Mass per piece: 4.43 kg/piece |
| Manufacturing site | Camfil GmbH Camfil GmbH located in Reinfeld, Germany Germany Reinfeld 23858 Feldstraße 26 - 32, 23858 Reinfeld, Germany |
| UN CPC code | 43914. Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus, for liquids or gases, except oil filters, petrol filters and air intake filters for internal combustion engines |
| Geographical scope | Europe |
| Geographical scope description | The product is manufactured by Camfil GmbH at the Reinfeld facility in Germany. The EPD covers products distributed mainly within the European market, reflecting production conditions, energy mix, and transportation scenarios representative of Europe. |
| Actual or technical lifespan | 1 year(s) |
Product images
Technical characteristics and performance
Technical performance
| Product name | Efficiency | Frame Material | Filter Media | Separator | Sealant | Energy Efficiency | Installation | Pressure Drop | Service Life | Applications | Compliance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opakfil ES+ 0170 | ePM1 70% (ISO 16890) | ABS | Glass fiber | Hotmelt | Polyurethane | A+ | Front/side access frames, universal filter holding frame | 65 Pa | Up to final pressure drop | HVAC, pre-filter for clean rooms | EN 15805, Eurovent |
Content declaration
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
|---|
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plastic frame | 1.76 | 39.73 | 0 | 0 |
| Filter media ePM1 70% | 1.54 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hotmelt | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Potting compound | 0.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 4.43 | 39.73 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labels | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Cardboard box | 0.88 | 20.34 | 0.4 |
| Total | 0.89 | 20.35 | 0.41 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | Air filter Number of pieces: 1 piece(s) |
| Conversion factor to mass | 4.43 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | GaBi database (general) GaBi database SP40 2020 ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.10 database |
| LCA Software | LCA for Experts (formerly GaBi Software) N/A |
| Additional information about the underlying LCA-based information | The allocation principles and hierarchy acc. to PCR 2019:14 is applied in this study, in details: - Allocation shall be avoided as far as possible by dividing the unit process to be allocated into different sub-processes. - The principle of no double counting or omission of inputs and outputs through allocation is applied. This means that the sum of allocated inputs and outputs of a unit process shall be equal to the inputs and outputs of the unit process before allocation. - The energy and waste amounts used in the study have been measured for each production machine and for each unique product size and thus avoided the allocation of electricity consumption and waste per each machine. Allocation procedure of recycling and recovery Declared net benefits and loads from net flows leaving the product system that have passed the end-of-waste state have been included in module D. Recycled raw materials in the ABS frame that enter the system boundary were estimated to be 80%, based on the secondary material content stated in the supplier’s Technical Data Sheet (TDS) and supporting documentation. This share was assumed to be of post-consumer origin as a conservative approach to credited material in Module D. For recycling and recovery, no allocation procedure has been applied in this study. Secondary materials that fulfil the output waste criteria outlined by PCR 2019:14 and are used as input to the product system enter without environmental impacts, as these are allocated to the precursor product system in accordance with the Polluter-Pays principle (EPD International, 2024). In this study, recyclables are only relevant for Module C (end-of-life stage), since Module B is limited to B1 and does not generate waste. In line with section 4.5.3 of PCR 2019:14, recycled materials from Module C are considered waste, with the burdens allocated to the system generating the waste. Only the impacts from collection, handling (piles and skips), and transportation are assigned to the product system using the material. Inherent properties, such as energy and biogenic carbon content, follow the material into the new product system. The cut-off criteria are in accordance with the EN 15804 standard, meaning that max 1% of the renewable and non-renewable primary energy use and max 1% of the total mass input of a specific unit process are allowed to be cut-off (excluded). Particular care should be taken to include material and energy flows known to have the potential to cause significant emissions into air and water or soil related to the environmental indicators of EN 15804+A2. For a full module (A1, A2 etc) the summarized cut-off of all unit processes is max 5% of the entire module. - Modules A1-A3: All known raw materials used in the production have been included in the model calculations. The water and electricity used by equipment as well as the water and energy used for general processes in the production hall, i.e. lightning, heating and employee showers were included. Residual electricity mixes are modelled based on production country in A1-A3, such as the German residual mix for Camfil Reinfeld facility, based on AIB data (AIB, 2024). Polyurethane adhesives used both for sealants and gaskets are two-component polyol and isocyanate mixtures. As the gathered data represents the mixed amount of adhesive used, the mixing ratio is assumed to be 2:3 polyol and 1:3 isocyanate by weight as supported by the safety data sheet. - Modules A4-A5: Transport to customer (A4) has been included in the study with 100% of all known input flows. Installation (A5) has been included in the study and considers manual removal of a dirty filter, manual installation of a new filter, transportation of a cardboard box to a waste management facility and its incineration. As the removal and installation processes are manual, the impact in this study does not give rise to any emissions. However, the cardboard box transportation to waste management plant and its incineration are included, and the impacts are. - Modules B1-B7: Regarding Use (B1) 100% of calculated input flow of dust has been included, however, for the energy recovery from incineration taking place in module C3, only carbon content in the dust has been analysed in the study, as contribution of all other organic elements to the total calorific value of the dust is negligible. All of the other B modules are excluded in this study. - Modules C1-C4: 100% of all known input flows have been included for the analysis of these modules. Landfill of the ashes from incineration of the filter in module C4 has been included in C3, as the incineration datasets developed by Sphera includes the landfilling of ashes and are inseparable from C3 impact. - Module D: Energy recovery potential has been calculated for both electricity and heat and summed in the total results. In line with EN 15804 net flow requirements, only the virgin ABS content (20%) of the Opakfil ES+ frame is included for substitution in Module D, resulting in a reduced load. Secondary material entering the system burden-free (recycled ABS) is not included in the substitution calculation. An additional assumption and data collection aspect for the study is: - All environmental impacts are accounted for when extracting the raw materials used for the products, which is defining the boundary towards the nature. |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Global Warming Potential excluding biogenic carbon (GWP-GHG), alongside other critical metrics such as Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Photochemical Ozone Formation Potential (POCP), and Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP), Water Deprivation Potential (WDP) and indicators of human and ecological health, such as the Potential Comparative Toxic Units for ecosystems (ETP-fw) and humans (HTP-c, HTP-nc), the Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM), and the Potential Human Exposure Efficiency relative to U235 (IRP). Resource use is detailed through metrics such as the use of renewable (PERE, PERM, PERT) and non-renewable primary energy (PENRE, PENRM, PENRT), secondary material input (SM), and renewable (RSF) and non-renewable secondary fuels (NRSF). Water usage is measured through net fresh water consumption (FW). Furthermore, waste and output flows are assessed, including hazardous (HWD), non-hazardous (NHWD), and radioactive waste (RWD) disposal, materials for reuse or recycling, materials for energy recovery, and exported energy in electricity and thermal. |
| Technology description including background system | The Opakfil ES+ is a premium V-Bank filters that consist of 4 V-packs of glass fiber media glued into an ABS plastic frame. The frame consists of 7 injection molded plastic parts. The filter media consists of glass fibers and a binder and is pleated, and the pleats are fixed in place using hotmelt. Construction of Opakfil ES+ makes the filter suitable for one time use only and will last up to 70% longer than Opakfil ES in your HVAC system. Moreover, filter fixed assembly is a limiting factor to dismount specific parts of the product. The recommended method of disposal of filters is by incineration, which takes place in certified facilities. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | The data quality is considered good to very good across all representativeness dimensions. Most datasets are sourced from the Sphera (GaBi) database, complemented by Camfil-specific operational data and Ecoinvent where applicable. The majority of datasets were updated between 2019 and 2024, with validity extending at least until 2025–2027, ensuring high temporal relevance. Geographical and technological representativeness is maintained by using European or global averages aligned with actual material origins and production conditions. Indirect general processes such as electricity use, lighting, ventilation, and compressed air systems are also included to reflect realistic manufacturing operations. |
|---|
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Filter media | Collected data | Supplier | 2024 | Primary | 57.48% |
| Transportation - Filter media | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 1.25% |
| Transportation - Plastic frame | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 0.31% |
| Transportation - Hotmelt | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 0.48% |
| Transportation - Potting compound | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 0.08% |
| Electricity - Filter assembly, manufacturing, general processes | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 2.65% |
| Transportation - Labels | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 0% |
| Transportation - Cardboard box | Database | Ecoinvent | 2024 | Primary | 0.01% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 62.25999999999999% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 0% |
| Wind | 0% | |
| Solar | 0% | |
| Biomass | 0% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 12.7% | |
| Nuclear | 0% | |
| Natural gas | 26.4% | |
| Coal | 17.4% | |
| Oil | 34.3% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 10% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.34 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | b) Cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4, module D and with optional modules (A1-A3 + C + D and additional modules). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 62.25% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description of the process flow diagram(s)
Detailed flowchart of the processes included during life cycle and in A3 – manufacturing of Opakfil ES+ filters
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | Normal use of air filter |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | Normal conditions for delivery, use and end-of-life of the product |
Module A4: Transport to the building site
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A4 | Distribution stage (A4) |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A4 | Transport from factory site to the regional warehouse of the respective market |
| Description of the default scenario in module A4 | A weighted transport distance based on European country sales share for each filter type, with a distance from Camfil’s site to the regional warehouse of the respective market with an additional of 300 km by truck to a customer was modelled as module A4, as required by c-PCR (EPD International, 2021). The average distance is calculated based on sales data from 2024. The scenarios calculated in this section as seen in the table below are the most presentative and probable alternative transportation to the customer. |
| Module A4 information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Distance | 3030 | km |
Capacity utilization (including empty returns) | 61 | % |
Bulk density of transported products | N/A | |
Volume capacity utilization factor (factor: =1 or <1 or ≥1 for compressed or nested packaged products) | 1 | N/A |
| Fuel type and vehicle type | Euro 6, 26-28 tons trucks | N/A |
Module A5: Installation in the building
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module A5 | Installation (A5) |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module A5 | This module considers the installation of the product |
| Description of the default scenario in module A5 | This module considers the preparation of the product. During installation the new filter comes in original packaging that can be used during the deinstallation process of the already used filter. The used filter should be packed in the cardboard box to avoid spreading of captured particles during transportation out of the site and further to the waste management facility. The cardboard is box is sent to a local incineration plant with energy recovery, with a Euro 6 28 tons truck, with an assumed load factor of 61% and a distance of 100km. The installation at the customer site declared in this section represents the most likely and representative alternative for this stage. |
Module B1: Use
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module B1 | Use (B1) |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module B1 | This module considers the dust accumulation during use |
| Description of the default scenario in module B1 | The Opakfil ES+ filter captures airborne dust during operation. Module B1 covers dust accumulation throughout use. The filter is replaced at a final pressure drop equal to 3× the initial pressure drop or +100 Pa, whichever is lower, per EN 13053:2019. The real dust load is estimated based on the ISO A2 Fine Dust test. Dust composition depends on air quality and location, and particulate matter reduction (PM₁, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀) is modelled using generic urban air datasets. |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | End of life stage (C) |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | End of life stage (C1, C2, C3, C4) |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | The scenarios for modules C1-C4 are realistic and representative of one of the most probable alternatives. The scenarios do not include processes or procedures that are not in current use or whose feasibility have not been demonstrated. The used filter packed in the cardboard packaging is transported to the waste management facility. A distance from the user site to the waste management facility is as below which is assumed to be a representative average for both rural and urban areas in Europe. The filters undergo 100% incineration at end-of-life. During incineration, the combustible components of the filter are treated, while the glass fibre itself remains largely inert. Only the small inert ash fraction resulting from the glass fibre is subsequently sent to landfill (C4). Ashes resulting from other incinerated materials, such as hotmelt, are included in C3, as they cannot be separated from the generic incineration dataset used. The incineration process of the filter components has been modelled using the generic LCA FE processes for the respective materials. Energy generated during incineration is reported in Module D, as the disposed material reaches end-of-waste. The products of the incineration process include inert ashes from the glass fibre and other components. The inert ash fraction of the glass fibre is disposed of according to local landfill regulations. Ashes from other incinerated materials are reported in C3, as they are included in the Sphera incineration datasets and cannot be separated from the incineration process. The end-of-life of the filters is modelled as 100% incineration, with energy recovery accounted for in Module D. Only the small inert ash fraction from the glass fibre is sent to landfill (C4). For clarity, this landfill contribution is negligible compared to the total filter mass, so the EoL is considered effectively 100% incineration. |
| Module C information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Transport to waste management facility | 130 | km |
| Fuel type and vehicle type | Euro 5, 26-28 tons trucks | N/A |
| Capacity utilization | 50 | % |
| Waste disposal kg to incineration | 4.43 | kg |
Reference service life
| Description of the default scenario in reference service life | It is assumed for this type of product that the reference service life of the filter is one year. The service life of the filter is dependent on the end user choice; it also differs for different types of installations and the geographical location of the end user’s site. However, one year is an average lifetime of the filter, based on dust loading and related to its pressure drop increase, that results in high energy consumption. In addition, due to hygienic reasons it is recommended to exchange the filters after one year. |
|---|
| Reference service life information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
Reference service life | 1 | year(s) |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | Module D |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (D) |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | This module analyses the benefits and burdens related to the processes of recovery, reuse or recycling of waste from the products under study at their end of life, which could form part of the life cycle of a new product. In this study, the incineration process has a potential for energy recovery as the main components present relatively high calorific value, for example ABS used in the frame and hotmelt. The benefits and loads beyond the system boundary have been calculated with the following assumptions: - In Module C3, the incineration of materials results in exported energy in the form of electricity (EEE) and heat (EET). These flows are reported in C3. The substitution benefits of this exported energy are calculated in Module D, based on the same electricity dataset used in Module B6 (RER: Electricity grid mix, 2020) and the dataset for heat (RER: District heating mix). - The Opakfil ES+ frame contains approximately 20% virgin ABS and over 80% recycled ABS, which is incinerated in Module C3. In accordance with chapter 4.5.4 in the PCR, only the virgin ABS content is modelled to be replaced by virgin ABS outside the system boundary, resulting in a reduced load in Module D. - For the cardboard packaging, the dataset ‘RER: Corrugated board 2021; excl. paper production; input: paper Sphera/FEFCO’ was used in combination with supplier-specific information from Cartonneries Du Valois. The supplier confirmed that the cardboard consists of 100% recycled fibers, which has been applied in the modelling, while background processes were taken from Ecoinvent, in accordance with PCR. |
| Module D information | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Incineration | 4.43 |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 1.10E+1 | 1.13E+0 | 3.78E-2 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.47E-2 | 6.42E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 1.05E+0 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 1.24E+1 | 1.11E+0 | 3.77E-2 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.41E-2 | 6.42E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 6.47E-1 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | -1.51E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 1.51E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 3.65E-1 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 2.00E-2 | 1.83E-2 | 1.32E-4 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.68E-4 | 5.35E-5 | 0.00E+0 | 3.65E-2 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 5.79E-9 | 1.62E-13 | 1.58E-13 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.98E-15 | 2.38E-9 | 0.00E+0 | 1.87E+0 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 3.73E-2 | 1.84E-3 | 3.31E-4 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.25E-5 | 3.42E-3 | 0.00E+0 | 3.78E-3 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.31E-4 | 4.66E-6 | 7.40E-8 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.44E-7 | 1.68E-7 | 0.00E+0 | 2.81E-3 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 8.21E-3 | 7.24E-4 | 1.22E-4 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.01E-5 | 1.62E-3 | 0.00E+0 | 3.16E-3 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 8.77E-2 | 8.44E-3 | 1.51E-3 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.35E-4 | 1.89E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 2.88E-2 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 2.57E-2 | 1.89E-3 | 3.23E-4 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.22E-5 | 4.20E-3 | 0.00E+0 | 7.94E-3 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 4.80E-6 | 9.53E-8 | 2.25E-9 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.95E-9 | -4.04E-7 | 0.00E+0 | 1.87E+0 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 2.75E+2 | 1.45E+1 | 4.43E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.46E-1 | 2.21E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 5.11E+1 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.91E+0 | 1.69E-2 | 1.42E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.24E-4 | 8.38E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 2.50E-1 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 1.25E+1 | 1.13E+0 | 3.80E-2 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.47E-2 | 6.42E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 6.10E-1 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 2.80E-7 | 2.00E-8 | 1.87E-9 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 5.45E-10 | 1.40E-8 | 0.00E+0 | 2.36E-8 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 2.33E+0 | 3.82E-3 | 2.82E-3 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.18E-4 | 1.01E-2 | 0.00E+0 | -2.71E-1 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 7.51E+1 | 1.08E+1 | 2.21E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.31E-1 | 8.76E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 3.64E+1 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 3.61E-9 | 2.17E-10 | 1.06E-11 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 6.68E-12 | 4.65E-11 | 0.00E+0 | 3.48E-9 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 9.96E-8 | 9.72E-9 | 2.46E-10 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.00E-10 | 2.92E-9 | 0.00E+0 | 2.71E-8 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 3.37E+1 | 7.07E+0 | 1.52E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 2.19E-1 | 3.73E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 9.45E+1 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 4.24E+1 | 1.24E+0 | 1.09E+1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.84E-2 | 3.25E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -7.60E+0 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 1.08E+1 | 0.00E+0 | -1.08E+1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 4.24E+1 | 1.24E+0 | 1.04E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 3.84E-2 | 3.25E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -7.60E+0 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 2.75E+2 | 1.45E+1 | 4.43E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.46E-1 | 8.11E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 5.25E+1 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 8.36E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | -8.36E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 2.75E+2 | 1.45E+1 | 4.43E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.46E-1 | 2.21E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 5.25E+1 |
| SM | kg | 2.70E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 1.33E-1 | 1.38E-3 | 3.36E-3 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 4.28E-5 | 1.96E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 6.93E-3 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 7.23E-6 | 5.54E-10 | 2.05E-10 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 1.71E-11 | 7.49E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 2.46E-5 |
| NHWD | kg | 9.31E-1 | 2.36E-3 | 8.98E-1 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 7.28E-5 | 1.16E-1 | 0.00E+0 | -8.86E-2 |
| RWD | kg | 1.04E-2 | 2.63E-5 | 1.80E-5 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 8.12E-7 | 1.00E-4 | 0.00E+0 | -4.28E-3 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 2.74E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 1.73E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 1.69E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 5.54E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 3.14E+0 | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 3.09E+1 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Abbreviations
- ABS - Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- ADPE - Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources
- ADPF - Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources
- AHU - Air Handling Unit
- AIB - Association of Issuing Bodies
- AP - Acidification potential
- CEN - European Committee for Standardization
- CPC - Central product classification
- CO2 eq – Carbon dioxide equivalents
- EEE - Electrical and electronic equipment
- EF – Environmental Footprint
- EN - European Norm (Standard)
- EoL – End of Life
- EP - Eutrophication potential
- EPD – Environmental Product Declaration
- GHG - Green House Gases
- GHS - Globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals
- GLO – Global
- GPI - General Programme Instructions
- GRI - Global Reporting Initiative
- GWP – Global Warming Potential
- GWP (luluc) - Global warming potential - land use and land use change
- HEPA - High efficiency particulate air
- HVAC - Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
- ISO – International Organization for Standardization
- IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- kWh - kilowatt-hour
- LCA – Life Cycle Assessment
- LCA FE - Life Cycle Assessment for expert
- LCI – Life Cycle Inventory
- LCIA – Life Cycle Impact Assessment
- ND - Not Declared
- ODP - Ozone Depletion Potential
- PCR - Product Category Rules
- PM - Particulate matter
- POCP - Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential
- RER – The European region
- RoW – Rest of the world
- RSL - Reference Service Life
- SM - Secondary material
- SVHC - Substances of Very High Concern
- TDS - Techncal Data Sheet
- WDP - Water (user) deprivation potential
References
- AIB, 2023. European Residual Mixes 2023 – Association of Issuing Bodies (AIB). Available at: www.aib-net.org.
- Association of Issuing Bodies (AIB) 2024, European Residual Mixes and European Attribute Mix of 2024.
- Camfil, 2024. About Camfil. [Online] Available at: https://www.camfil.com/en-gb/about-us/about-camfil. Accessed 2024-07-11.
- CEN European Committee for Standardisation, 2013. EN 15804:2012+A1:2013, Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products.
- EPD International, 2024. Construction products, Product Category Rules (PCR) 2019:14, date 2024-04-30, version 2.0.0, valid until: 2030-04-07.
- EPD International, 2024. c-PCR 2019:14-subPCR-002 for Air Filters and Air Handling Units, version 2.0.0, date 2024-04-30, valid until 2030-04-07.
- EPD International, 2024. General Programme Instructions for the International EPD® System, version 4.0, date 2024-03-01, valid until 2029-02-28.
- EN 13053:2019, Ventilation for buildings – Air handling units – Rating and performance for units, components and sections.
- EN 16798-3:2017, Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings – Part 3: For non-residential buildings – Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems.
- Eurovent 4/21-2019, 2019. Energy efficiency evaluation of air filters for general ventilation purposes, Fourth edition.
- Eurovent 4/23:2018, Energy efficiency evaluation of air filters for general ventilation purposes.
- ISO, 2006a. ISO 14025:2006, Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and procedures.
- ISO, 2006b. ISO 14040:2006, Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework.
- ISO, 2006c. ISO 14044: 2006, Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines.
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB, 2022. Report O100152 1124487 – Analys av stoft i begagnat luftfilter, märkt ”Telefonfabriken,hus 9”
- Sphera, 2023. GaBi LCA Database Documentation 2023.2, Sphera Solutions GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany.
- Thinkstep AG, 2019. GaBi Database & Modelling Principles, February 2019: https://www.gabi-software.com/fileadmin/gabi/Modeling_Principles_2019.pdf. Accessed 2024-08-02.
- Thinkstep AG, 2020. Leinfelden-Echterdingen GaBi Software-System and Database for Life Cycle Engineering, Sphera Database: SP 40, DB version: Content version 2021.1
- Wernet, G. et al., 2016. The ecoinvent database version 3 (part I): overview and methodology. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(9), p. 1218–1230.
- WHO Air Quality Guidelines - Second Edition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2000; Chapter 7.3 Particulate Matter
- World Steel Association, Steel and raw materials, April 2021, https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-steel-and-raw-materials.pdf
- SWCorp. (2023). Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Corporation Annual Report 2023.
Version history
Original version of the EPD